Center on Media and Child Health, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Pediatrics. 2013 May;131(5):935-41. doi: 10.1542/peds.2012-1197. Epub 2013 Apr 8.
This study investigates how characteristics of young adolescents' screen media use are associated with their BMI. By examining relationships between BMI and both time spent using each of 3 screen media and level of attention allocated to use, we sought to contribute to the understanding of mechanisms linking media use and obesity.
We measured heights and weights of 91 13- to 15-year-olds and calculated their BMIs. Over 1 week, participants completed a weekday and a Saturday 24-hour time-use diary in which they reported the amount of time they spent using TV, computers, and video games. Participants carried handheld computers and responded to 4 to 7 random signals per day by completing onscreen questionnaires reporting activities to which they were paying primary, secondary, and tertiary attention.
Higher proportions of primary attention to TV were positively associated with higher BMI. The difference between 25th and 75th percentiles of attention to TV corresponded to an estimated +2.4 BMI points. Time spent watching television was unrelated to BMI. Neither duration of use nor extent of attention paid to video games or computers was associated with BMI.
These findings support the notion that attention to TV is a key element of the increased obesity risk associated with TV viewing. Mechanisms may include the influence of TV commercials on preferences for energy-dense, nutritionally questionable foods and/or eating while distracted by TV. Interventions that interrupt these processes may be effective in decreasing obesity among screen media users.
本研究旨在探讨青少年屏幕媒体使用的特点与 BMI 之间的关系。通过研究 BMI 与每种屏幕媒体使用时间以及注意力水平之间的关系，我们试图深入了解媒体使用与肥胖之间的联系机制。
我们测量了 91 名 13 至 15 岁青少年的身高和体重，并计算了他们的 BMI。在一周内，参与者完成了工作日和周六的 24 小时时间使用日记，记录他们使用电视、电脑和电子游戏的时间。参与者携带手持电脑，每天会收到 4 到 7 个随机信号，并通过完成屏幕上的问卷来报告他们正在关注的主要、次要和次要注意力活动。
对电视的主要关注度比例越高，BMI 越高。对电视关注度的第 25 百分位和第 75 百分位之间的差异对应估计的+2.4 BMI 点。看电视的时间与 BMI 无关。对视频游戏或电脑的使用时间或关注度与 BMI 均无关。
这些发现支持了这样一种观点，即对电视的关注是与看电视相关的肥胖风险增加的关键因素。机制可能包括电视广告对高热量、营养有问题的食物的偏好的影响，以及在看电视时分心的进食。中断这些过程的干预措施可能有助于减少屏幕媒体使用者的肥胖。
