Departamento de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Pharm Biol. 2013 Jul;51(7):881-7. doi: 10.3109/13880209.2013.768675. Epub 2013 Apr 11.
Despite the many biological activities reported for essential oils, their anti-inflammatory ability is relatively underexplored considering the wide variation in plant sources and in their volatile composition. Oils from Syzygium cumini Skells (SC) and Psidium guajava L. (PG) (Myrtaceae) have been described as having diverse pharmacological activities.
The current study seeks to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the essential oils from the leaves of SC and PG, as well as some of their terpene-enriched fractions (+V = more volatile and -V = less volatile) obtained by vacuum distillation. Both the pharmacological responses and chemical compositions were correlated.
The relative contents of the oils and their fractions were evaluated by gas chromatography. Individual constituents in the oils were characterized by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Anti-inflammatory activity was accessed in the lipopolysaccharide-induced pleurisy model, by measuring the inhibition of total leukocyte, neutrophil and eosinophil migration in the mice pleural lavage, after oil treatment with the oils at 100 mg/kg.
Eosinophil migration was inhibited by SC (67%), SC (+V) (63%), PG (76%), PG (+V) (67%) and PG (-V) (74%). This efficacy was correlated with the presence of β-pinene and β-caryophyllene in the oils, a result that was reinforced by evaluating both these pure components (38 and 50% inhibition, respectively). Synergistic effects associated with the presence of α-pinene were speculated.
Essential oils from SC and PG may be useful to treat inflammatory diseases by mechanisms that include the inhibition of eosinophil migration.
尽管精油具有许多已报道的生物学活性，但考虑到植物来源和挥发性成分的广泛差异，其抗炎能力的研究相对较少。Syzygium cumini Skells（SC）和Psidium guajava L.（PG）（桃金娘科）的油已被描述为具有多种药理学活性。
本研究旨在评估 SC 和 PG 叶精油及其通过真空蒸馏获得的一些富含萜烯的馏分（+V = 更挥发，-V = 挥发度较低）的抗炎活性。同时还对药理反应和化学成分进行了相关性分析。
通过气相色谱法评估油和其馏分的相对含量。通过气相色谱-质谱联用技术对油中的各个成分进行了表征。通过测量脂多糖诱导的胸膜炎模型中小鼠胸膜灌洗液中总白细胞、中性粒细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞迁移的抑制作用，评估了油在 100mg/kg 剂量下的抗炎活性。
SC（67%）、SC（+V）（63%）、PG（76%）、PG（+V）（67%）和 PG（-V）（74%）抑制了嗜酸性粒细胞的迁移。这种功效与油中β-蒎烯和β-石竹烯的存在相关，通过评估这两种纯成分（分别抑制 38%和 50%）得到了结果的强化。推测存在α-蒎烯与协同作用有关。
SC 和 PG 的精油可能通过抑制嗜酸性粒细胞迁移等机制，用于治疗炎症性疾病。
