Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, CO 80521, USA.
J Travel Med. 2013 May-Jun;20(3):165-70. doi: 10.1111/jtm.12020. Epub 2013 Mar 8.
Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine is recommended for travelers to Asia whose itineraries increase their risk of exposure to JE virus. The numbers of travelers with such itineraries and the proportion of those who receive JE vaccine are unknown. We performed a survey to estimate the proportion of US travelers to Asia who receive JE vaccine according to the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommendations.
We surveyed US residents ≥ 18 years old departing on 38 flights to Asia selected through a stratified random sample of all direct flights to JE-endemic countries from three US airports. We asked participants about planned itineraries and activities, sources of travel health information, JE vaccination status, and potential barriers to vaccination. Participants planning to spend ≥ 30 days in Asia or at least half of their time in rural areas were defined as "higher JE risk" travelers for whom vaccination should have been considered.
Of 2,341 eligible travelers contacted, 1,691(72%) completed the survey. Among these 1,691 participants, 415 (25%) described itineraries for which JE vaccination should have been considered. Of these 415 higher JE risk travelers, only 47 (11%) reported receiving ≥ 1 dose of JE vaccine. Of the 164 unvaccinated higher JE risk travelers who visited a health care provider before their trip, 113 (69%) indicated that they had never heard of JE vaccine or their health care provider had not offered or recommended JE vaccine.
A quarter of surveyed US travelers to Asia reported planned itineraries for which JE vaccination should have been considered. However, few of these at-risk travelers received JE vaccine.
日本脑炎 (JE) 疫苗推荐给行程增加 JE 病毒暴露风险的亚洲旅行者。具有此类行程的旅行者数量以及接受 JE 疫苗的旅行者比例尚不清楚。我们进行了一项调查，以根据免疫实践咨询委员会 (ACIP) 的建议估计前往亚洲的美国旅行者中接受 JE 疫苗的比例。
我们调查了从美国三个机场出发的飞往 JE 流行国家的所有直飞航班中通过分层随机抽样选择的 38 个航班上的≥18 岁的美国居民。我们询问了参与者的计划行程和活动、旅行健康信息的来源、JE 疫苗接种状况以及接种疫苗的潜在障碍。计划在亚洲停留≥30 天或至少一半时间在农村地区的参与者被定义为“JE 风险较高”旅行者，应考虑为其接种疫苗。
在联系的 2,341 名合格旅行者中，有 1,691 名（72%）完成了调查。在这 1,691 名参与者中，有 415 名（25%）描述了应考虑接种 JE 疫苗的行程。在这 415 名 JE 风险较高的旅行者中，只有 47 名（11%）报告接受了≥1 剂 JE 疫苗。在 164 名未接种 JE 疫苗的 JE 风险较高的旅行者中，有 113 名（69%）表示从未听说过 JE 疫苗，或他们的医疗保健提供者未提供或建议接种 JE 疫苗。
接受调查的前往亚洲的美国旅行者中有四分之一报告了应考虑接种 JE 疫苗的计划行程。然而，这些高风险旅行者中很少有人接种了 JE 疫苗。
