Freddi Sébastien, Tessier Marie, Lacrampe Rémy, Dru Vincent
Université Paris Ouest-La Défense, Nanterre, France.
Br J Soc Psychol. 2014 Jun;53(2):265-80. doi: 10.1111/bjso.12033. Epub 2013 Apr 12.
Several studies have shown that social judgement may be defined by two dimensions, competence and warmth. From a functional perspective, embodied theories have proposed that warmth may be associated with physical distance, whereas competence may be connected to a vertical motion (UPWARD/DOWNWARD). Two main studies were conducted to examine if approach-avoidance and vertical motion could influence affective judgements about traits representing these two social dimensions. Valence judgements about warmth traits that were moving towards the subject resulted in more positive judgement than when they were moving away (approach/avoidance). Furthermore, competence traits were judged more positively when they moved in an UPWARD direction, compared with when they moved DOWNWARD. A metacognitive account of confidence is offered to explain how cognitions about warmth and competence are connected to the physical world.
多项研究表明，社会判断可由能力和热情这两个维度来界定。从功能角度来看，具身理论提出，热情可能与身体距离相关，而能力可能与垂直运动（向上/向下）有关。进行了两项主要研究，以检验趋近-回避和垂直运动是否会影响对代表这两个社会维度的特质的情感判断。对于向主体移动的热情特质的效价判断，比其远离时会产生更积极的判断（趋近/回避）。此外，但能力特质向上移动时，与向下移动相比，其被判断为更积极。本文提供了一种关于信心的元认知解释，以说明对热情和能力的认知是如何与物理世界相联系的。
