Imbir Kamil K, Pastwa Maciej
Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
PeerJ. 2021 Jan 26;9:e10488. doi: 10.7717/peerj.10488. eCollection 2021.
People tend to think that emotions influence the way they think in a spectacular way. We wanted to determine whether it is possible to prime the assessments of ambiguous stimuli by presenting emotion-laden words. We did not expect the differences in assessments that depend only on the emotional factors to be particularly large. Participants were presented with words differing in valence and origin of an affective state, but aligned for arousal, concreteness, length and frequency of use. Their first task was to remember a word. While keeping the word in mind, their second task was to guess by intuition whether the symbol was related to certain traits. Participants assessed objects represented by coding symbols on the scales of warmth or competence. We expected positive valence and automatic origin to promote higher ratings in terms of warmth and reflective origin to promote higher ratings in terms of competence. Positive valence appeared to boost assessments in terms of both warmth and competence, while the origin effect was found to be dissociative: automatic origin promoted intensity of warmth assessments and reflective origin intensity of competence assessments. The study showed an existing relation between emotional and social aspects of the mind, and therefore supports the conclusion that both domains may result from dual processes of a more general character.
人们往往认为情绪会以一种显著的方式影响他们的思维方式。我们想要确定是否有可能通过呈现带有情感色彩的词汇来启动对模糊刺激的评估。我们并不期望仅依赖情感因素的评估差异会特别大。向参与者呈现了在情感状态的效价和来源方面存在差异，但在唤醒度、具体性、长度和使用频率上保持一致的词汇。他们的首要任务是记住一个单词。在记住这个单词的同时，他们的第二项任务是凭直觉猜测该符号是否与某些特质相关。参与者在温暖或能力的量表上评估由编码符号所代表的对象。我们预期积极效价和自动来源会在温暖方面促进更高的评分，而反思来源会在能力方面促进更高的评分。积极效价似乎在温暖和能力方面都提高了评估，而来源效应被发现是分离的：自动来源促进了温暖评估的强度，反思来源促进了能力评估的强度。该研究表明了思维的情感和社会方面之间存在的关系，因此支持了这样的结论，即这两个领域可能源于更具普遍性的双重过程。
