Geller Julia, Nazarova Lidia, Katargina Olga, Leivits Agu, Järvekülg Lilian, Golovljova Irina
National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia.
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2013 Jul;13(7):443-8. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2012.1054. Epub 2013 Apr 16.
During southward migration in the years 2006-2009, 178 migratory passerines of 24 bird species infested with ticks were captured at bird stations in Western Estonia. In total, 249 nymphal ticks were removed and analyzed individually for the presence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.), tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. The majority of ticks were collected from Acrocephalus (58%), Turdus (13%), Sylvia (8%), and Parus (6%) bird species. Tick-borne pathogens were detected in nymphs removed from Acrocephalus, Turdus, and Parus bird species. TBEV of the European subtype was detected in 1 I. ricinus nymph removed from A. palustris. B. burgdorferi s.l. DNA was found in 11 ticks (4.4%) collected from Turdus and Parus species. Bird-associated B. garinii and B. valaisiana were detected in I. ricinus nymphs removed from T. merula. Rodent-associated B. afzelii was detected in 3 I. ricinus nymphs from 2 P. major birds. One of the B. afzelii-positive nymphs was infected with a mix of 2 B. afzelii strains, whereas 1 of these strains was also detected in another nymph feeding on the same great tit. The sharing of the same B. afzelii strain by 2 nymphs indicates a possible transmission of B. afzelii by co-feeding on a bird. A. phagocytophilum DNA was detected in 1 I. ricinus nymph feeding on a T. iliacus. The results of the study confirm the possible role of migratory birds in the dispersal of ticks infected with tick-borne pathogens along the southward migration route via Estonia.
在2006 - 2009年鸟类南迁期间，在爱沙尼亚西部的鸟类监测站捕获了178只感染蜱虫的24种候鸟。总共采集了249只若蜱，并分别分析其是否携带伯氏疏螺旋体狭义种（Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato，s.l.）、蜱传脑炎病毒（tick-borne encephalitis virus，TBEV）和嗜吞噬细胞无形体（Anaplasma phagocytophilum）。大多数蜱虫采自苇莺属（Acrocephalus，58%）、鸫属（Turdus，13%）、莺属（Sylvia，8%）和山雀属（Parus，6%）鸟类。在从苇莺属、鸫属和山雀属鸟类身上采集的若蜱中检测到了蜱传病原体。从沼泽苇莺（A. palustris）身上采集的1只蓖麻硬蜱（I. ricinus）若蜱中检测到了欧洲亚型的TBEV。在从鸫属和山雀属鸟类身上采集的11只蜱虫（4.4%）中发现了伯氏疏螺旋体狭义种DNA。在从乌鸫（T. merula）身上采集的蓖麻硬蜱若蜱中检测到了与鸟类相关的伽氏疏螺旋体（B. garinii）和瓦莱疏螺旋体（B. valaisiana）。在2只大山雀（P. major）的3只蓖麻硬蜱若蜱中检测到了与啮齿动物相关的阿氏疏螺旋体（B. afzelii）。其中1只阿氏疏螺旋体阳性若蜱感染了2种阿氏疏螺旋体菌株的混合菌，而在另一只以同一只大山雀为宿主的若蜱中也检测到了其中1种菌株。2只若蜱共享相同的阿氏疏螺旋体菌株，表明阿氏疏螺旋体可能通过共同寄生在一只鸟类身上而传播。在一只以白喉林莺（T. iliacus）为宿主的蓖麻硬蜱若蜱中检测到了嗜吞噬细胞无形体DNA。该研究结果证实了候鸟在蜱传病原体感染的蜱虫沿着南迁路线经爱沙尼亚扩散过程中可能发挥的作用。
