Bugaighis I, Mattick C R, Tiddeman B, Hobson R
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2014 Jul;51(4):452-61. doi: 10.1597/12-217. Epub 2013 Apr 24.
The aim of this study was to characterize three-dimensional (3D) facial morphological variation of children with cleft lip and palate compared to an age- and sex-matched control group.
Cross-sectional, case-controlled observational morphometric study.
Subjects were 103 children aged 8 to 12 years old with cleft lip and palate-40 with unilateral cleft lip and palate, 23 with unilateral cleft lip and alveolus, 19 with bilateral cleft lip and palate, and 21 with isolated cleft palate (ICP)-and 80 sex- and age-matched control subjects. Subjects were scanned using 3D stereophotogrammetry. Thirty-nine landmarks were digitized for each scan, and the x, y, and z coordinates for each landmark were extracted. Linear and angular facial measurements were computed. Multivariate analysis of covariance was undertaken to detect significant differences in facial morphometry between the groups.
Statistically significant differences (P < .05) were observed between all groups. The greatest morphometrical impact was seen in those groups where both lip and palate were affected and repaired; the group with ICP was the most similar to the control subjects.
Significant differences were seen in 3D soft-tissue measurements, mainly in the nasolabial region, between the cleft groups where the lip is affected and the ICP and control groups.
本研究旨在描述唇腭裂患儿与年龄和性别匹配的对照组相比的三维（3D）面部形态变化。
横断面病例对照观察形态计量学研究。
研究对象为103名8至12岁的唇腭裂患儿，其中40名单侧唇腭裂、23名单侧唇裂合并牙槽突裂、19名双侧唇腭裂、21名单纯腭裂（ICP），以及80名年龄和性别匹配的对照受试者。使用3D立体摄影测量法对受试者进行扫描。每次扫描标记39个地标点，并提取每个地标点的x、y和z坐标。计算面部的线性和角度测量值。采用多变量协方差分析来检测各组之间面部形态测量的显著差异。
所有组之间均观察到统计学上的显著差异（P < 0.05）。在唇和腭均受影响并接受修复的组中，形态测量影响最大；单纯腭裂组与对照组最为相似。
在唇部受影响的腭裂组与单纯腭裂组和对照组之间，3D软组织测量存在显著差异，主要在鼻唇区域。
