Park Crystal L, Lim Haikel, Newlon Max, Suresh D P, Bliss Deborah E
Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269-1020, USA,
J Relig Health. 2014 Apr;53(2):579-90. doi: 10.1007/s10943-013-9714-1.
We examined relationships between seven dimensions of religion/spirituality (RS) (forgiveness, daily spiritual experiences, belief in afterlife, religious identity, religious support, public practices, and positive RS coping) and three dimensions of well-being (physical, mental, and existential) in a sample of 111 patients with advanced chronic heart failure. Participants completed questionnaires at baseline and 3 months later. Results showed that fairly high levels of RS were reported on all seven dimensions. Furthermore, RS dimensions were differentially related to well-being. No aspect of RS was related to physical well-being, and only a few aspects were related to mental well-being. Forgiveness was related to less subsequent depression, while belief in afterlife was related to poorer mental health. All aspects of RS were related to at least one aspect of existential well-being. In particularly, daily spiritual experiences were linked with higher existential well-being and predicted less subsequent spiritual strain. These results are consistent with the view that in advanced disease, RS may not affect physical well-being but may have potent influences on other aspects of well-being, particularly existential aspects.
我们在111例晚期慢性心力衰竭患者样本中，研究了宗教/灵性（RS）的七个维度（宽恕、日常灵性体验、对来世的信仰、宗教认同、宗教支持、公共活动和积极的RS应对）与幸福感的三个维度（身体、心理和存在意义）之间的关系。参与者在基线时和3个月后完成问卷调查。结果显示，所有七个维度的RS水平都相当高。此外，RS各维度与幸福感的关系存在差异。RS的任何方面都与身体健康无关，只有少数方面与心理健康有关。宽恕与较少的后续抑郁有关，而来世信仰与较差的心理健康有关。RS的所有方面都与存在意义幸福感的至少一个方面有关。特别是，日常灵性体验与更高的存在意义幸福感相关，并预测后续的精神压力较小。这些结果与以下观点一致：在晚期疾病中，RS可能不会影响身体健康，但可能对幸福感的其他方面，特别是存在意义方面，产生强大影响。
