Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Pathog Dis. 2013 Feb;67(1):25-38. doi: 10.1111/2049-632X.12020. Epub 2013 Jan 29.
The majority of bacteria live not planktonically, but as residents of sessile biofilm communities. Such populations have been defined as 'matrix-enclosed microbial accretions, which adhere to both biological and nonbiological surfaces'. Bacterial formation of biofilm is implicated in many chronic disease states. Growth in this mode promotes survival by increasing community recalcitrance to clearance by host immune effectors and therapeutic antimicrobials. The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract encompasses a plethora of nutritional and physicochemical environments, many of which are ideal for biofilm formation and survival. However, little is known of the nature, function, and clinical relevance of these communities. This review summarizes current knowledge of the composition and association with health and disease of biofilm communities in the GI tract.
大多数细菌不是以浮游生物的形式存在，而是作为固定生物膜群落的居民存在。这种群体被定义为“基质封闭的微生物堆积物，附着于生物和非生物表面”。细菌形成生物膜与许多慢性疾病状态有关。以这种方式生长通过增加群落对宿主免疫效应物和治疗性抗菌药物清除的抵抗力来促进生存。人类胃肠道 (GI) 包含大量营养和物理化学环境，其中许多环境非常适合生物膜的形成和生存。然而，对于这些群落的性质、功能和临床相关性知之甚少。这篇综述总结了目前对 GI 道生物膜群落的组成及其与健康和疾病的关联的了解。
