Department of Microbiology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan 420008, Russia.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2013 Jun;97(11):5161-74. doi: 10.1007/s00253-013-4867-0. Epub 2013 Apr 28.
The influence of the feedstock type on the microbial communities involved in anaerobic digestion was investigated in laboratory-scale biogas reactors fed with different agricultural waste materials. Community composition and dynamics over 2 months of reactors' operation were investigated by amplicon sequencing and profiling terminal restriction fragment length polymorphisms of 16S rRNA genes. Major bacterial taxa belonged to the Clostridia and Bacteroidetes, whereas the archaeal community was dominated by methanogenic archaea of the orders Methanomicrobiales and Methanosarcinales. Correlation analysis revealed that the community composition was mainly influenced by the feedstock type with the exception of a temperature shift from 38 to 55 °C which caused the most pronounced community shifts. Bacterial communities involved in the anaerobic digestion of conventional substrates such as maize silage combined with cattle manure were relatively stable and similar to each other. In contrast, special waste materials such as chicken manure or Jatropha press cake were digested by very distinct and less diverse communities, indicating partial ammonia inhibition or the influence of other inhibiting factors. Anaerobic digestion of chicken manure relied on syntrophic acetate oxidation as the dominant acetate-consuming process due to the inhibition of aceticlastic methanogenesis. Jatropha as substrate led to the enrichment of fiber-degrading specialists belonging to the genera Actinomyces and Fibrobacter.
研究了以不同农业废弃物为原料的实验室规模沼气反应器中原料类型对厌氧消化过程中微生物群落的影响。通过扩增子测序和 16S rRNA 基因末端限制性片段长度多态性分析，研究了反应器运行 2 个月期间的群落组成和动态。主要细菌类群属于梭菌纲和拟杆菌纲，而古菌群落主要由产甲烷古菌目和甲烷杆菌目组成。相关性分析表明，群落组成主要受原料类型的影响，但从 38°C 到 55°C 的温度变化除外，该温度变化引起了最明显的群落变化。与常规底物（如玉米青贮料与牛粪组合）的厌氧消化相关的细菌群落相对稳定且彼此相似。相比之下，鸡粪或麻疯树饼等特殊废物则由非常独特且多样性较低的群落进行消化，表明存在部分氨抑制或其他抑制因素的影响。鸡粪的厌氧消化依赖于同型乙酸氧化作为主要的乙酸消耗过程，因为乙酸裂解产甲烷受到抑制。麻疯树作为底物导致属于放线菌属和纤维杆菌属的纤维降解专家的富集。
