Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2013 Jun;13(6):350. doi: 10.1007/s11910-013-0350-7.
Freezing of gait (FOG) is defined as a brief, episodic absence or marked reduction of forward progression of the feet despite the intention to walk. It is one of the most debilitating motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) as it may lead to falls and a loss of independence. The pathophysiology of FOG seems to differ from the cardinal features of PD and is still largely unknown. In the present paper, we review the studies that were performed since 2011 on methods to provoke and assess FOG and discuss new insights into behavioral and neural mechanisms underlying this clinical phenomenon. We conclude that most of the work reviewed confirms that gait pattern generation disturbances are central to FOG. The finding that FOG reflects a combined motor and cognitive de-automatization deficit, which may not be sufficiently offset by executive control, probably acts as parallel mechanism.
冻结步态（FOG）定义为尽管有行走的意图，但脚部短暂、间歇性地无法前进或明显减少。它是帕金森病（PD）患者最具致残性的运动症状之一，因为它可能导致跌倒和丧失独立性。FOG 的病理生理学似乎与 PD 的主要特征不同，目前仍知之甚少。在本文中，我们回顾了自 2011 年以来关于诱发和评估 FOG 的方法的研究，并讨论了这一临床现象背后的行为和神经机制的新见解。我们得出的结论是，大多数已审查的研究证实，步态模式生成障碍是 FOG 的核心。FOG 反映了运动和认知去自动化缺陷的综合，这可能无法通过执行控制得到充分弥补，这可能是一个并行机制。
