Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium.
J Neural Transm (Vienna). 2013 Apr;120(4):543-57. doi: 10.1007/s00702-012-0964-y. Epub 2013 Jan 18.
Freezing of gait (FOG) is a very disabling symptom affecting up to half of the patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Evidence is accumulating that FOG is caused by a complex interplay between motor, cognitive and affective factors, rather than being a pure motor phenomenon. In the current paper, we review the evidence on the specific role of cognitive factors in FOG. Results from behavioral studies show that patients with FOG experience impairments in executive functioning and response selection which predict that motor learning may be compromised. Brain imaging studies strengthen the neural basis of a potential association between FOG and cognitive impairment, but do not clarify whether it is a primary or secondary determinant of FOG. A FOG-related reduction of cognitive resources implies that adaptation of rehabilitation interventions is indicated for patients with FOG to promote the consolidation of learning.
冻结步态（FOG）是一种非常致残的症状，影响多达一半的帕金森病（PD）患者。有证据表明，FOG 是由运动、认知和情感因素之间的复杂相互作用引起的，而不仅仅是一种纯粹的运动现象。在目前的论文中，我们回顾了认知因素在 FOG 中的特定作用的证据。行为研究的结果表明，FOG 患者在执行功能和反应选择方面存在障碍，这表明运动学习可能受到影响。脑成像研究加强了 FOG 与认知障碍之间潜在关联的神经基础，但并不能明确它是 FOG 的主要还是次要决定因素。FOG 相关的认知资源减少意味着需要为 FOG 患者调整康复干预措施，以促进学习的巩固。
