Hu Guo-Qiang, Yuan Yuan, Wu Chong, Jiang Chao, Wang Zhou-Yong, Lin Shu-Fang, Wu Zhi-Gang
Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2012 Dec;37(24):3793-8.
To study the developmental phase on the growth and active compounds in Scutellaria baicalensis.
Seeds of wild plants were collected from Laiwu and sowed in Fangshan (Beijing) and Laiwu (Shandong). Samples of aerial and underground parts were collected in five growth periods of sprouts, seedlings, flowering, seed drop and withered periods respectively. The length of taproot, fresh weight of root, diameter of taproot and the length of stem were determined. The content of active compounds and total flavonoids were determined by HPLC and ultraviolet spectrophotometry respectively. The transcripted level of PAL1, PAL2, PAL3, C4H, 4CL, CHS, GUS and UBGAT were analyzed with RT-PCR.
The results showed that the aerial part of S. baicalensis grew quickly before flowering stage, and the underground part grew mostly between the periods of flowering and withered. In the whole growing developmental periods, the content of total flavonoids was not changed significantly, the content of baicalin was increased gradually and the content of baicalein was decreased gradually. Expression level of PAL and 4CL was the highest in withered period, CHS was increased between flowering and seed drop and decreased in withered period.
Seedlings and withered periods may be the key phase affecting the growth and active compounds in S. baicalensis.
研究黄芩生长及活性成分的发育阶段。
采集来自莱芜的野生植物种子，播种于北京房山和山东莱芜。分别在发芽期、幼苗期、花期、落果期和枯萎期五个生长阶段采集地上和地下部分的样本。测定主根长度、根鲜重、主根直径和茎长度。活性成分和总黄酮含量分别采用高效液相色谱法和紫外分光光度法测定。采用逆转录聚合酶链反应分析苯丙氨酸解氨酶1（PAL1）、苯丙氨酸解氨酶2（PAL2）、苯丙氨酸解氨酶3（PAL3）、肉桂酸-4-羟化酶（C4H）、4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶（4CL）、查尔酮合酶（CHS）、葡萄糖醛酸基转移酶（GUS）和尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖醛酸转移酶（UBGAT）的转录水平。
结果表明，黄芩地上部分在开花期前生长迅速，地下部分主要在花期和枯萎期生长。在整个生长发育阶段，总黄酮含量变化不显著，黄芩苷含量逐渐增加，黄芩素含量逐渐降低。苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）和4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶（4CL）的表达水平在枯萎期最高，查尔酮合酶（CHS）在花期和落果期增加，在枯萎期降低。
幼苗期和枯萎期可能是影响黄芩生长及活性成分的关键阶段。
