Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan.
Lipids Health Dis. 2013 May 1;12:60. doi: 10.1186/1476-511X-12-60.
Keloids are common cutaneous pathological scars that are characterised by the histological accumulation of fibroblasts, collagen fibres, and clinically significant invasive growth. Although increasing lines of research on keloids have revealed genetic and environmental factors that contribute to their formation, the etiology of these scars remains unclear. Several studies have suggested the involvement of lipid metabolism, from a nutritional point of view. However, the role that lipid metabolism plays in the pathogenesis and progression of keloids has not previously been reviewed. The progress that has been made in understanding the roles of the pro- and anti-inflammatory lipid mediators in inflammation, and how they relate to the formation and progression of keloids, is also outlined. In particular, the possible relationships between mechanotransduction and lipid metabolites in keloids are explored. Mechanotransduction is the process by which physical forces are converted into biochemical signals that are then integrated into cellular responses. It is possible that lipid rafts and caveolae provide the location of lipid signaling and interactions between these signaling pathways and mechanotransduction. Moreover, interactions between lipid signaling pathway molecules and mechanotransduction molecules have been observed. A better understanding of the lipid profile changes and the functional roles lipid metabolism plays in keloids will help to identify target molecules for the development of novel interventions that can prevent, reduce, or even reverse pathological scar formation and/or progression.
瘢痕疙瘩是常见的皮肤病理性瘢痕，其特征为成纤维细胞、胶原纤维的组织学积聚，以及临床上明显的侵袭性生长。尽管越来越多的瘢痕疙瘩研究揭示了导致其形成的遗传和环境因素，但这些瘢痕的病因仍不清楚。从营养角度来看，有几项研究表明脂质代谢参与其中。然而，脂质代谢在瘢痕疙瘩的发病机制和进展中的作用以前尚未得到综述。本文还概述了人们对促炎和抗炎脂质介质在炎症中的作用以及它们与瘢痕疙瘩形成和进展的关系的理解进展。特别是，探讨了机械转导与瘢痕疙瘩中脂质代谢物之间的可能关系。机械转导是物理力转化为生化信号的过程，然后这些信号被整合到细胞反应中。脂质筏和 caveolae 可能为脂质信号的位置以及这些信号通路与机械转导之间的相互作用提供了位置。此外，还观察到脂质信号通路分子和机械转导分子之间的相互作用。更好地了解脂质谱的变化以及脂质代谢在瘢痕疙瘩中的功能作用，将有助于确定用于开发新干预措施的靶分子，这些新干预措施可以预防、减少甚至逆转病理性瘢痕的形成和/或进展。
