Cellular Immunology Group, Institute of Immunology, National University of Ireland Maynooth, County Kildare, Ireland.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2013 May 1;3(5):a015560. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a015560.
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have recently emerged as promising candidates for cell-based immunotherapy in solid organ transplantation (SOT). In addition to immune modulation, MSCs possess proreparative properties and preclinical studies indicate that MSCs have the capacity to prolong graft survival and in some cases induce tolerance. Currently, the application of MSCs in SOT is being evaluated in phase I/II clinical trials. Whereas the mechanisms of action used by MSC immunomodulation have been somewhat elucidated in vitro, the data from preclinical transplant models have been unclear. Furthermore, the optimal timing, dose, and route of administration remain to be elucidated. Importantly, MSCs have the ability to sense their environment, which may influence their function. In this article, we discuss the impact of the local microenvironment on MSCs and the mechanisms of MSC immunomodulation in the setting of SOT.
间充质基质细胞 (MSCs) 最近成为实体器官移植 (SOT) 中细胞免疫治疗的有前途的候选者。除了免疫调节外，MSCs 还具有修复前的特性，临床前研究表明 MSCs 具有延长移植物存活时间的能力，并且在某些情况下可以诱导耐受。目前，MSCs 在 SOT 中的应用正在进行 I/II 期临床试验评估。尽管 MSC 免疫调节的作用机制在体外已经得到了一定的阐明，但来自临床前移植模型的数据尚不清楚。此外，最佳的给药时间、剂量和途径仍有待阐明。重要的是，MSCs 具有感知其环境的能力，这可能会影响其功能。在本文中，我们讨论了局部微环境对 MSCs 的影响以及 SOT 中 MSC 免疫调节的机制。
