Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1662, USA.
Trends Genet. 2013 Aug;29(8):442-8. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2013.04.003. Epub 2013 May 3.
Alternative pre-mRNA splicing determines the protein output of most neuronally expressed genes. Many examples have been described of protein function being modulated by coding changes in different mRNA isoforms. Several recent studies demonstrate that, through the coupling of splicing to other processes of mRNA metabolism, alternative splicing can also act as an on/off switch for gene expression. Other regulated splicing events may determine how an mRNA is utilized in its later cytoplasmic life by changing its localization or translation. These studies make clear that the multiple steps of post-transcriptional gene regulation are strongly linked. Together, these regulatory process play key roles in all aspects of the cell biology of neurons, from their initial differentiation, to their choice of connections, and finally to their function with mature circuits.
选择性剪接决定了大多数神经元表达基因的蛋白质输出。已有许多例子表明，蛋白质功能可通过不同 mRNA 异构体中的编码变化来调节。最近的几项研究表明，通过将剪接与其他 mRNA 代谢过程相偶联，选择性剪接也可以作为基因表达的开/关开关。其他受调控的剪接事件可能通过改变 mRNA 的定位或翻译来决定其在细胞质后期生命中的利用方式。这些研究清楚地表明，转录后基因调控的多个步骤是紧密相关的。这些调节过程共同在神经元的细胞生物学的各个方面发挥着关键作用，从它们的初始分化，到它们的连接选择，最后到它们与成熟回路的功能。
