Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
Environ Microbiol. 2013 Oct;15(10):2787-98. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.12139. Epub 2013 May 6.
The number of outbreaks of food-borne illness associated with consumption of fresh products has increased. A recent and noteworthy outbreak occurred in 2007. Basil contaminated with Salmonella enterica serovar Senftenberg was the source of this outbreak. Since basil produces high levels of antibacterial compounds the aim of this study was to investigate if the emerging outbreak reflects ecological changes that occurred as a result of development of resistance to ingredients of the basil oil. We irrigated basil plants with contaminated water containing two Salmonella serovars, Typhimurium and Senftenberg, and showed that Salmonella can survive on the basil plants for at least 100 days. S. Senftenberg counts in the phyllosphere were significantly higher than S. Typhimurium, moreover, S. Senftenberg was able to grow on stored harvested basil leaves. Susceptibility experiments demonstrated that S. Senftenberg is more resistant to basil oil and to its antimicrobial constituents: linalool, estragole and eugenol. This may indicate that S. Senftenberg had adapted to the basil environment by developing resistance to the basil oil. The emergence of resistant pathogens has a significant potential to change the ecology, and opens the way for pathogens to survive in new niches in the environment such as basil and other plants.
与食用新鲜产品相关的食源性疾病爆发数量有所增加。最近发生了一次值得注意的爆发，发生在 2007 年。含有肠炎沙门氏菌血清型森夫滕贝格的罗勒被认为是此次爆发的源头。由于罗勒会产生高水平的抗菌化合物，因此本研究旨在调查这种新出现的爆发是否反映了由于罗勒油成分产生耐药性而导致的生态变化。我们用含有两种沙门氏菌血清型——鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和森夫滕贝格菌的污染水灌溉罗勒植物，结果表明沙门氏菌可以在罗勒植物上存活至少 100 天。叶际中的森夫滕贝格菌数量明显高于鼠伤寒沙门氏菌，此外，森夫滕贝格菌能够在储存的收获的罗勒叶上生长。药敏试验表明，森夫滕贝格菌对罗勒油及其抗菌成分——芳樟醇、黄樟素和丁子香酚更具耐药性。这可能表明森夫滕贝格菌通过对罗勒油产生耐药性而适应了罗勒环境。耐药病原体的出现具有显著改变生态的潜力，并为病原体在环境中的新生态位（如罗勒和其他植物）中生存开辟了道路。
