Shi Rongjie, Zhong Yuetong, Lei Yixiong, Zhang Jianqing, Li Shengnong, Jiang Yousheng, Zhou Jian, Lu Shaoyou
School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2013 Mar;42(2):205-10.
To first investigate the accumulative levels of DDTs and HCHs in human breast milk of primipara in Shenzhen area, analyze influencing factors and assess exposure risk of infant in Shenzhen.
From April in 2011 to April in 2012, 85 primiparas who have lived in Shenzhen over 3 years after parturition 4 - 6 weeks were recruited, and their breast milk were collected and questionnaires were filled out simultaneously. The samples were extracted five times with hexane, cleaned up by gel permeation chromatograph (GPC) and SPE, and quantified by gas chromatography-election capture detection (GC-ECD). Correlations between DDTs, HCHs and maternal age, weight, dietary, living time as well as infant birth weight and length were also analyzed with the SPSS 13.0 statistical software respectively.
Among the several groups of DDTs and HCHs metabolites, p,p'-DDE were detected in total 85 samples and beta-HCH were detected in 58 samples, which accounted for 68.2% of the breast milk. The median levels of sigmaHCHs and sigma DDTs were 2.980 ng/g whole weight (80.200 ng/g fat) and 9.610 ng/g whole weight (268.390 ng/g fat). Both levels of sigmaHCHs and sigmaDDTs in the human milk had a positive association with maternal age among the demographic characteristics of primiparas. Furthermore, levels of sigma HCHs were positively correlated with freshwater fish consumption. However, sigma DDTs levels which were calculated in fat had a positive association only with the amount of poultry meat intake.
Beta-HCH and p,p'-DDE were detected in human breast milk, and correlated with age and dietary intake. The average estimated daily intakes of HCHs and DDTs by infants are 0.468, 1.842 microg/(kg x BW x d) respectively, lower than acceptable daily intakes (ADI) proposed by the Ministry of Health of China and (the WHO/FAO) Joint Meeting of Pesticide Residues (JMPR). The average levels of HCHs, DDTs in the breast milk in Shenzhen general population are lower than those of Chinese average level.
首次调查深圳地区初产妇母乳中滴滴涕（DDTs）和六六六（HCHs）的累积水平，分析影响因素并评估深圳地区婴儿的暴露风险。
2011年4月至2012年4月，招募产后4 - 6周且在深圳居住3年以上的85名初产妇，采集其母乳并同时填写问卷。样品用正己烷萃取5次，经凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）和固相萃取（SPE）净化，采用气相色谱 - 电子捕获检测法（GC - ECD）进行定量分析。分别用SPSS 13.0统计软件分析DDTs、HCHs与产妇年龄、体重、饮食、居住时间以及婴儿出生体重和身长之间的相关性。
在几组DDTs和HCHs代谢物中，85份样品均检测到p,p'-二氯二苯乙烯（p,p'-DDE），58份样品检测到β - 六六六（β - HCH），占母乳样品的68.2%。六氯环己烷（σHCHs）和滴滴涕（σDDTs）的中位数水平分别为2.980 ng/g全重（80.200 ng/g脂肪）和9.610 ng/g全重（268.390 ng/g脂肪）。在初产妇的人口统计学特征中，母乳中σHCHs和σDDTs水平均与产妇年龄呈正相关。此外，σHCHs水平与淡水鱼消费量呈正相关。然而，以脂肪计算的σDDTs水平仅与禽肉摄入量呈正相关。
母乳中检测到β - HCH和p,p'-DDE，且与年龄和饮食摄入量相关。婴儿对HCHs和DDTs的平均每日估计摄入量分别为0.468、1.842 μg/(kg×体重×天)，低于中国卫生部和世界卫生组织/联合国粮农组织农药残留联席会议（JMPR）提出的每日可接受摄入量（ADI）。深圳普通人群母乳中HCHs、DDTs的平均水平低于中国平均水平。
