Eng. A.B. Research Chair for Growth Factors and Bone Regeneration, Three-Dimensional Imaging and Biomechanical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
J Periodontol. 2014 Feb;85(2):234-41. doi: 10.1902/jop.2013.130008. Epub 2013 May 9.
The effect of glycemic control on severity of periodontal inflammatory parameters in patients with prediabetes is unknown. The aim of the present study is to assess the effects of glycemic control on self-perceived oral health, periodontal parameters, and marginal bone loss (MBL) in patients with prediabetes.
A total of 303 individuals were included. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and fasting blood glucose levels (FBGLs) were recorded. Participants were divided into three groups: 1) group A: 75 patients with prediabetes (FBGLs = 100 to 125 mg/dL [HbA1c ≥5%]); 2) group B: 78 individuals previously considered prediabetic but having FBGLs <100 mg/dL (HbA1c <5%) resulting from dietary control; and 3) control group: 150 medically healthy individuals. Self-perceived oral health, socioeconomic status, and education status were determined using a questionnaire. Plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment loss (AL) were recorded. Premolar and molar MBLs were measured on panoramic radiographs.
Periodontal parameters (PI, BOP, PD, and AL) (P <0.01) and MBL (P <0.01) were worse among individuals in group A than those in group B. Self-perceived gingival bleeding (P <0.001), pain on chewing (P <0.001), dry mouth (P <0.001), and oral burning sensations (P <0.05) were worse among patients in group A than those in group B. There was no difference in periodontal parameters, MBL, and self-perceived oral symptoms among patients with prediabetes in group B and healthy controls.
Self-perceived oral health, severity of periodontal parameters, and MBL are worse in patients with prediabetes than controls. Glycemic control significantly reduces the severity of these parameters as well as the state of prediabetes in affected individuals.
血糖控制对糖尿病前期患者牙周炎症参数严重程度的影响尚不清楚。本研究旨在评估血糖控制对糖尿病前期患者自我感知口腔健康、牙周参数和边缘骨丧失（MBL）的影响。
共纳入 303 名患者。记录糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）和空腹血糖（FBGL）水平。参与者被分为三组：1）组 A：75 例糖尿病前期患者（FBGL = 100-125mg/dL [HbA1c≥5%]）；2）组 B：78 例既往被认为是糖尿病前期但由于饮食控制 FBGL<100mg/dL（HbA1c<5%）的个体；3）对照组：150 名医学健康个体。使用问卷确定自我感知口腔健康、社会经济地位和教育状况。记录菌斑指数（PI）、探诊出血（BOP）、探诊深度（PD）和临床附着丧失（AL）。在全景片上测量前磨牙和磨牙的 MBL。
组 A 的牙周参数（PI、BOP、PD 和 AL）（P<0.01）和 MBL（P<0.01）均差于组 B。组 A 的自我感知牙龈出血（P<0.001）、咀嚼疼痛（P<0.001）、口干（P<0.001）和口腔烧灼感（P<0.05）均差于组 B。组 B 的糖尿病前期患者和健康对照组在牙周参数、MBL 和自我感知口腔症状方面无差异。
糖尿病前期患者的自我感知口腔健康、牙周参数严重程度和 MBL 均差于对照组。血糖控制可显著降低这些参数的严重程度以及受影响个体的糖尿病前期状态。
