The Department of Dermatology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan 52621, Israel.
Br J Dermatol. 2013 Jul;169(1):12-9. doi: 10.1111/bjd.12435.
Haemangioma is a vascular tumour of infancy that is well known for its rapid growth during the first weeks to months of a child's life, followed by a spontaneous but slow involution. During the proliferative phase, the vessels are disorganized and composed of immature endothelial cells. When the tumour involutes, the vessels mature and enlarge but are reduced in number. Fat, fibroblasts and connective tissue replace the vascular tissue, with few, large, feeding and draining vessels evident. Both angiogenesis and vasculogenesis have been proposed as mechanisms contributing to the neovascularization in haemangioma tumours. In recent years, several of the 'building blocks', the cells comprising the haemangioma, have been isolated. Among them are haemangioma progenitor/stem cells, endothelial cells and pericytes. This review focuses on these cell types, and the molecular pathways within these cells that have been implicated in driving the pathogenesis of infantile haemangioma.
血管瘤是一种婴儿期的血管肿瘤，其特征是在儿童生命的最初几周至几个月内迅速生长，随后自发但缓慢地退化。在增殖期，血管排列紊乱，由不成熟的内皮细胞组成。当肿瘤退化时，血管成熟并增大，但数量减少。脂肪、成纤维细胞和结缔组织取代血管组织，可见少量大的供养和引流血管。血管生成和血管发生都被认为是导致血管瘤新生血管形成的机制。近年来，已经分离出几种“构建块”，即组成血管瘤的细胞。其中包括血管瘤祖细胞/干细胞、内皮细胞和成纤维细胞。这篇综述重点介绍了这些细胞类型，以及这些细胞内的分子途径，这些途径被认为与婴儿血管瘤的发病机制有关。
