Division of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A2, Canada.
Nutrients. 2013 May 14;5(5):1561-72. doi: 10.3390/nu5051561.
Low levels of circulating vitamin D are more likely to be found in those with darker skin pigmentation, who live in areas of high latitude, and who wear more clothing. We examined the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and inadequacy in newcomer immigrant and refugee children.
We evaluated circulating vitamin D status of immigrant children at the national level. Subsequently, we investigated vitamin D intake, circulating vitamin D status, and total body bone mineral content (TBBMC) in newcomer children living in Saskatchewan.
In the sample of newcomer children in Saskatchewan, the prevalence of inadequacy in calcium and vitamin D intakes was 76% and 89.4%, respectively. Vitamin D intake from food/supplement was significantly higher in immigrants compared to refugees, which accords with the significant difference in serum status. Circulating vitamin D status indicated that 29% of participants were deficient and another 44% had inadequate levels of serum 25(OH)D for bone health. Dietary vitamin D intake, sex, region of origin, and length of stay in Canada were significant predictors of serum vitamin D status. RESULTS for TBBMC revealed that 38.6% were found to have low TBBMC compared to estimated values for age, sex, and ethnicity. In the regression model, after controlling for possible confounders, children who were taller and had greater circulating vitamin D also had greater TBBMC. Nationally, immigrant children, particularly girls, have significantly lower plasma 25(OH)D than non-immigrant children.
Newcomer immigrant and refugee children are at a high risk of vitamin D deficiency and inadequacy, which may have serious negative consequences for their health.
肤色较深、居住在高纬度地区和穿着较多衣物的人群，其循环维生素 D 水平较低的可能性更大。我们研究了新移民和难民儿童维生素 D 缺乏和不足的流行情况。
我们在国家层面评估了移民儿童的循环维生素 D 状况。随后，我们调查了萨斯喀彻温省新移民儿童的维生素 D 摄入量、循环维生素 D 状况和全身骨矿物质含量 (TBBMC)。
在萨斯喀彻温省新移民儿童样本中，钙和维生素 D 摄入量不足的比例分别为 76%和 89.4%。与难民相比，移民的食物/补充剂中维生素 D 摄入量明显更高，这与血清状况的显著差异相符。循环维生素 D 状况表明，29%的参与者缺乏维生素 D，另有 44%的参与者血清 25(OH)D 水平不足，不利于骨骼健康。膳食维生素 D 摄入量、性别、原籍地区和在加拿大的居住时间是血清维生素 D 状况的显著预测因素。TBBMC 的结果显示，与年龄、性别和种族的估计值相比，有 38.6%的儿童 TBBMC 较低。在回归模型中，在控制了可能的混杂因素后，身高较高且循环维生素 D 水平较高的儿童也具有更高的 TBBMC。在全国范围内，移民儿童，尤其是女孩，其血浆 25(OH)D 明显低于非移民儿童。
新移民和难民儿童维生素 D 缺乏和不足的风险很高，这可能对他们的健康产生严重的负面影响。
