Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80082, 3508 TB, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Diabetologia. 2013 Jul;56(7):1471-88. doi: 10.1007/s00125-013-2915-z. Epub 2013 May 16.
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: This study aimed to systematically review what has been reported on the incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents, to scrutinise the methodological issues observed in the included studies and to prepare recommendations for future research and surveillances.
PubMed, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scopus, EMBASE and Web of Science were searched from inception to February 2013. Population-based studies on incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents were summarised and methodologically evaluated. Owing to substantial methodological heterogeneity and considerable differences in study populations a quantitative meta-analysis was not performed.
Among 145 potentially relevant studies, 37 population-based studies met the inclusion criteria. Variations in the incidence and prevalence rates of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents were mainly related to age of the study population, calendar time, geographical regions and ethnicity, resulting in a range of 0-330 per 100,000 person-years for incidence rates, and 0-5,300 per 100,000 population for prevalence rates. Furthermore, a substantial variation in the methodological characteristics was observed for response rates (60-96%), ascertainment rates (53-99%), diagnostic tests and criteria used to diagnose type 2 diabetes.
CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Worldwide incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents vary substantially among countries, age categories and ethnic groups and this can be explained by variations in population characteristics and methodological dissimilarities between studies.
目的/假设：本研究旨在系统回顾儿童和青少年 2 型糖尿病发病率和患病率的报告情况，仔细检查纳入研究中观察到的方法学问题，并为未来的研究和监测提出建议。
从建库到 2013 年 2 月，检索了 PubMed、Cochrane 系统评价数据库、Scopus、EMBASE 和 Web of Science。对儿童和青少年 2 型糖尿病发病率和患病率的基于人群的研究进行了总结和方法学评估。由于方法学异质性很大，且研究人群差异很大，因此未进行定量荟萃分析。
在 145 篇潜在相关研究中，有 37 篇基于人群的研究符合纳入标准。儿童和青少年 2 型糖尿病发病率和患病率的变化主要与研究人群的年龄、日历时间、地理位置和种族有关，导致发病率为 0-330/10 万人群年，患病率为 0-5300/10 万人群。此外，还观察到应答率（60-96%）、确定率（53-99%）、用于诊断 2 型糖尿病的诊断测试和标准的方法学特征存在很大差异。
结论/解释：全球儿童和青少年 2 型糖尿病的发病率和患病率在国家、年龄组和种族之间存在很大差异，这可以用人群特征的变化和研究之间方法学的差异来解释。
