Kenneth R. Conner is with the Department of Psychiatry, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY. Nathalie Huguet is with the Center for Public Health Studies, Portland State University, Portland, OR. Raul Caetano is with the University of Texas School of Public Health, Dallas Regional Campus, Dallas. Norman Giesbrecht is with the Social and Epidemiological Research Department, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON. Bentson H. McFarland is with the Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland. Kurt B. Nolte is with the Office of the Medical Investigator, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque. At the time of the study, Mark S. Kaplan was with the School of Community Health, Portland State University.
Am J Public Health. 2014 Jan;104(1):171-8. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301352. Epub 2013 May 16.
We explored age, gender, and racial/ethnic differences with alcohol use and firearms, hanging or asphyxiation, and poisoning methods of suicide.
We analyzed data for 37,993 suicide decedents aged 18 years and older from the 2005-2010 National Violent Death Reporting System database. Multinomial logistic regressions examined associations of method with alcohol use defined by blood alcohol content. Two-way interactions tested the effects of age, gender, and race/ethnicity on the associations between alcohol use and method of suicide.
Alcohol was present among decedents who used the 3 leading methods of suicide: firearm (35.0%), hanging (36.8%), and poisoning (32.7%). Two-way interaction tests suggested that in young and middle adulthood, individuals were more likely to drink alcohol when they used a firearm or hanging (compared with poisoning), but in older adulthood, the reverse was true, with alcohol use more likely with poisoning. Interaction tests also suggested that Asians and Pacific Islanders were most likely to use alcohol in poisonings and that Blacks were least likely to use alcohol in hangings.
The results suggested that alcohol use before suicide was influenced by several factors, including age, race/ethnicity, and suicide method.
我们探讨了年龄、性别和种族/民族差异与饮酒和使用枪支、上吊或窒息以及中毒自杀方式之间的关系。
我们分析了 2005-2010 年国家暴力死亡报告系统数据库中 37993 名 18 岁及以上自杀死亡者的数据。多项逻辑回归检验了方法与血液酒精含量定义的饮酒之间的关联。双向交互作用检验了年龄、性别和种族/民族对饮酒与自杀方式之间关联的影响。
在使用三种主要自杀方式的死者中，有 35.0%的人使用枪支、36.8%的人使用上吊、32.7%的人使用中毒的方式。双向交互作用检验表明，在青年和中年时期，与使用中毒相比，使用枪支或上吊自杀的人更有可能饮酒，但在老年时期，情况则相反，中毒时更有可能饮酒。交互作用检验还表明，亚洲人和太平洋岛民最有可能在中毒时饮酒，而黑人在使用上吊时最不可能饮酒。
结果表明，自杀前饮酒受到多种因素的影响，包括年龄、种族/民族和自杀方式。
