United States Peace Corps, Togo, BP3194, Lomé, Togo.
Malar J. 2013 May 16;12:162. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-12-162.
Malaria remains a substantial public health problem in Togo. An integrated child health campaign was conducted in Togo in October 2011. This campaign included a component of free distribution of 2,799,800 long-lasting, insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) to households throughout Togo. This distribution marked the first effort in Togo at universal LLIN coverage and was not targeted specifically to children under five years and pregnant women, but to all household members. This study reports the results of the LLIN distribution campaign in terms of bed net possession and utilization.
A representative household survey was implemented during the rainy season nine months after the LLIN distribution component of the campaign. Some 6,015 households selected through two stages of probability proportion to size stratified random sampling were interviewed using a brief questionnaire that included a demographic section with questions on the number of household members and sleeping spaces, and a campaign participation section with questions used to evaluate non-LLIN aspects of the campaign. A net roster listed all nets and their characteristics, and a household roster listed all members and visitors with information about bed net use. The questions addressed different aspects of bed net and LLIN possession and utilization. Crude weighted frequencies, percentages, and t- tests of association were calculated using the Stata 12.0 Survey features.
Possession of at least one bed net and/or LLIN increased from 41.3% to 96.7% (P <0.001). Household possession of at least one campaign LLIN was 93.3%. Report LLIN among pregnant women was 77.5% and 79.3% for children under five. For the general population LLIN use was 68.3%.
Due to the gap in LLIN possession and use and the significant number of individuals reporting a lack of nets as a reason for non-use, additional national LLIN distribution campaigns with a stronger educational component need to be implemented in order increase the use of available LLINs and to reach and maintain universal coverage of LLINs in Togo. The LLIN distribution campaign focusing on universal coverage of the general population in Togo was more successful at increasing LLIN possession and use of children under five years and pregnant women than other campaigns focusing only on these target groups.
疟疾仍然是多哥的一个重大公共卫生问题。2011 年 10 月，多哥开展了一次综合儿童健康运动。该运动包括在多哥各地向家庭免费发放 279.98 万顶长效驱虫蚊帐（LLIN）的一个组成部分。这是多哥首次努力实现 LLIN 全覆盖，并非专门针对五岁以下儿童和孕妇，而是针对所有家庭成员。本研究报告了该运动中 LLIN 发放活动在蚊帐拥有和使用方面的结果。
在该运动的 LLIN 发放部分结束后九个月的雨季期间，开展了一项代表性的家庭调查。通过两阶段的概率比例分层随机抽样，选择了约 6015 户家庭进行访谈，使用了一份简短的问卷，其中包括一个人口部分，其中包含家庭成员和睡眠空间的数量，以及一个运动参与部分，其中包含用于评估运动中非 LLIN 方面的问题。一个蚊帐名单列出了所有的蚊帐及其特征，一个家庭名单列出了所有成员和访客，其中包括关于蚊帐使用的信息。这些问题涉及到蚊帐和 LLIN 的拥有和使用的不同方面。使用 Stata 12.0 调查功能计算了未经调整的加权频率、百分比和 t 检验。
至少拥有一顶蚊帐和/或 LLIN 的比例从 41.3%增加到 96.7%（P<0.001）。至少拥有一顶运动 LLIN 的家庭比例为 93.3%。报告称孕妇中有 77.5%和五岁以下儿童中有 79.3%使用了 LLIN。一般人群中 LLIN 的使用率为 68.3%。
由于 LLIN 的拥有和使用存在差距，而且有相当数量的人报告缺乏蚊帐是未使用的原因，因此需要开展更多的全国性 LLIN 分发运动，并加强教育内容，以增加对现有 LLIN 的使用，并在多哥实现和维持 LLIN 的全覆盖。在多哥开展的针对普通人群的全覆盖 LLIN 分发运动，在增加五岁以下儿童和孕妇对 LLIN 的拥有和使用方面比其他只针对这些目标群体的运动更为成功。
