Clinical Exercise and Rehabilitation Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2013 Jun;45(6):1131-8. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182805d5a.
This study compared acute exercise responses during arm cranking, functional electrical stimulation (FES)-assisted leg cycling, and combined arm and leg ("hybrid") cycling in individuals with spinal cord injury during maximal and submaximal exercise.
Nine male subjects with long-standing neurological lesions from C7 to T12 were recruited. All subjects performed arm crank ergometry (ACE), FES leg cycle exercise (FES-LCE), combined ACE + FES-LCE, and cycling on a hybrid FES tricycle (HYBRID). They were assessed for their peak exercise responses in all four modalities. Subsequently, their submaximal heart rates (HR), cardiac outputs (Q), stroke volumes (SV), and arteriovenous oxygen extractions (Ca-Cv)O2 were measured at 40%, 60%, and 80% of mode-specific V˙O2peak.
Arm exercise alone and arm + leg exercise resulted in significantly higher V˙O2peak and HRpeak compared with FES-LCE (P < 0.05). Submaximal V˙O2 during FES-LCE was significantly lower than all other modalities across the range of exercise intensities (P < 0.05). ACE elicited 70%-94% higher steady-state V˙O2, and HYBRID evoked 99%-148% higher V˙O2 compared with FES-LCE. Steady-state FES-LCE also produced significantly lower Q, HR, and (Ca-Cv)O2. ACE evoked 31%-36% higher Q and 19%-47% greater HR than did FES-LCE. HYBRID elicited 31%-49% greater Q and 23%-56% higher HR than FES-LCE.
Combined arm and leg exercise can develop a higher oxygen uptake and greater cardiovascular demand compared with ACE or FES-LCE alone. These findings suggested that combined arm + leg FES training at submaximal exercise intensities may lead to greater gains of aerobic fitness than would arm exercise alone. These data also proffered that FES leg cycling exercise by itself may be insufficient to promote aerobic fitness in the spinal cord injury population.
本研究比较了上肢曲柄运动、功能性电刺激（FES）辅助腿部自行车运动以及脊髓损伤患者在最大和次最大运动期间的上肢和下肢“混合”自行车运动的急性运动反应。
招募了 9 名 C7 至 T12 神经损伤的男性受试者。所有受试者均进行上肢曲柄测功（ACE）、FES 腿部自行车运动（FES-LCE）、上肢 ACE + FES-LCE 以及混合 FES 三轮车（HYBRID）运动。评估了他们在所有四种模式下的峰值运动反应。随后，在模式特异性 V˙O2peak 的 40%、60%和 80%时测量了他们的次最大心率（HR）、心输出量（Q）、每搏输出量（SV）和动静脉血氧差（Ca-Cv）O2。
与 FES-LCE 相比，单独的上肢运动和上肢+下肢运动导致 V˙O2peak 和 HRpeak 显著升高（P < 0.05）。在整个运动强度范围内，FES-LCE 的次最大 V˙O2 显著低于其他所有模式（P < 0.05）。与 FES-LCE 相比，ACE 产生的稳态 V˙O2 高 70%-94%，HYBRID 产生的 V˙O2 高 99%-148%。稳态 FES-LCE 还产生了显著较低的 Q、HR 和（Ca-Cv）O2。ACE 产生的 Q 和 HR 分别比 FES-LCE 高 31%-36%和 19%-47%。HYBRID 产生的 Q 和 HR 分别比 FES-LCE 高 31%-49%和 23%-56%。
与单独的 ACE 或 FES-LCE 相比，上肢和下肢联合运动可产生更高的摄氧量和更大的心血管需求。这些发现表明，在次最大运动强度下进行上肢和下肢联合 FES 训练可能会比单独的上肢运动带来更大的有氧健身效果。这些数据还表明，单独的 FES 腿部自行车运动可能不足以促进脊髓损伤人群的有氧健身。
