社会阶层地位与自杀特征：伊斯法罕自杀未遂患者调查
Social Class Status and Suicide Characteristics: A Survey among Patients Who Attempted Suicide in Isfahan.
作者信息
Keyvanara Mahmoud, Mousavi Seyed Ghafour, Karami Zahra
机构信息
Social Determinate of Health Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
出版信息
Mater Sociomed. 2013;25(1):56-9. doi: 10.5455/msm.2013.25.56-59.
INTRODUCTION
Suicide is one of the most prominent problems in health care system in current Iran. It could be impacted by various factors such as social, economic, individual and so on. Researchers show that socio-economic factors and suicide has significantly related. The people in low social class may more engage with social problems than higher social class. They may confront to problems such as crime, violence, unemployment, financial hardship, population density, disorder personality, etc. However, these difficulties could be resulted from relationship of inequality socio-economic and mental or physical health. This research attempted to examine social class status and its relationship with parts of suicide characteristics.
METHODS
This study applied a descriptive approach. In the cross-sectional research 179 patients who attempted suicide and admitted to the toxicology ward of Nour hospital and to the burning ward of Imam Mousa Kazem hospital, in Isfahan, during a period of 6 months in 2010 were recruited. The randomize sampling for patients admitted to toxicology ward and census for burning ward are applied. Data collected through a questionnaire which Chronbagh coefficient's alpha was calculated (r= 0/72). Data was analyzed in SPSS software.
FINDINGS
The data showed that the majority of patients who attempted suicide were young married women who had diploma and under diploma of level education. They were housewife, engaged in education and unemployment. Finding showed that there are no significant relationships between sex, age, marital status, frequency of attempted suicide and their social class. But there is significant relationship between methods of suicide and social class. Similarly, there are significant relationship between social factors (i.e. family friction, betrothal, unemployment, financial problems and so on) effected on suicide and their social classes. Parts of findings were supported by previous studies.
引言
自杀是当前伊朗医疗保健系统中最突出的问题之一。它可能受到各种因素的影响，如社会、经济、个人等因素。研究人员表明，社会经济因素与自杀之间存在显著关联。社会阶层较低的人群可能比社会阶层较高的人群更多地面临社会问题。他们可能会遇到诸如犯罪、暴力、失业、经济困难、人口密度、人格障碍等问题。然而，这些困难可能是由社会经济不平等与身心健康之间的关系导致的。本研究试图考察社会阶层状况及其与自杀特征各方面的关系。
方法
本研究采用描述性方法。在横断面研究中，招募了2010年6个月期间在伊斯法罕的努尔医院毒理学病房和伊玛目穆萨·卡泽姆医院烧伤病房住院的179名自杀未遂患者。对毒理学病房收治的患者采用随机抽样，对烧伤病房的患者采用普查。通过一份问卷收集数据，计算出Chronbagh系数的阿尔法值（r = 0.72）。数据在SPSS软件中进行分析。
结果
数据显示，大多数自杀未遂患者是年轻的已婚女性，她们具有文凭或低于文凭水平的教育程度。她们是家庭主妇，从事教育工作且处于失业状态。结果表明，性别、年龄、婚姻状况、自杀未遂频率与他们的社会阶层之间没有显著关系。但自杀方式与社会阶层之间存在显著关系。同样，影响自杀的社会因素（如家庭摩擦、订婚、失业、经济问题等）与他们的社会阶层之间也存在显著关系。部分研究结果得到了先前研究的支持。
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