Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering and Quebec University Hospital Center, Laval University, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
Nat Rev Cardiol. 2013 Jul;10(7):410-21. doi: 10.1038/nrcardio.2013.77. Epub 2013 May 21.
Vascular occlusion remains the leading cause of death in Western countries, despite advances made in balloon angioplasty and conventional surgical intervention. Vascular surgery, such as CABG surgery, arteriovenous shunts, and the treatment of congenital anomalies of the coronary artery and pulmonary tracts, requires biologically responsive vascular substitutes. Autografts, particularly saphenous vein and internal mammary artery, are the gold-standard grafts used to treat vascular occlusions. Prosthetic grafts have been developed as alternatives to autografts, but their low patency owing to short-term and intermediate-term thrombosis still limits their clinical application. Advances in vascular tissue engineering technology-such as self-assembling cell sheets, as well as scaffold-guided and decellularized-matrix approaches-promise to produce responsive, living conduits with properties similar to those of native tissue. Over the past decade, vascular tissue engineering has become one of the fastest-growing areas of research, and is now showing some success in the clinic.
血管闭塞仍然是西方国家的主要死亡原因，尽管在球囊血管成形术和传统手术干预方面取得了进展。血管外科，如冠状动脉旁路移植术、动静脉分流术，以及治疗冠状动脉和肺道先天异常，需要具有生物响应性的血管替代品。自体移植物，特别是大隐静脉和内乳动脉，是用于治疗血管闭塞的金标准移植物。已经开发出了假体移植物作为自体移植物的替代品，但由于短期和中期血栓形成，它们的低通畅率仍然限制了它们的临床应用。血管组织工程技术的进步，如自组装细胞片，以及支架引导和脱细胞基质方法，有望产生具有类似天然组织特性的响应性、活体导管。在过去的十年中，血管组织工程已成为研究发展最快的领域之一，现在在临床上已经取得了一些成功。
