Román-Oyola Rosa, Reynolds Stacey
Occupational Therapy Program, School of Health Professions, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
Occup Ther Int. 2013 Sep;20(3):144-54. doi: 10.1002/oti.1353. Epub 2013 May 21.
The purposes of this study were to determine the prevalence of sensory modulation disorder (SMD) in a sample of Puerto Rican preschoolers and to examine differences in the prevalence of SMD based on socioeconomic status (SES) variables. Caregivers of children from Head Start programs and private preschools were recruited from three regions in Puerto Rico (PR) to participate in the study. Each caregiver completed a Short Sensory Profile (SSP) and a demographic data sheet. Total scores on the SSP were used to establish diagnosis of SMD. The total sample included 141 participants (response rate of 64%). Prevalence of SMD among the total PR sample (19.9%) was higher than previously reported estimates on the US mainland (5-16%). Statistical results indicated no difference in the overall prevalence of SMD based on SES. However, significant differences in scores based on caregivers' educational degree were found on the SSP sub-domain of Movement sensitivity and Under-responsive/seeks sensation; differences in scores based on caregiver household income were also found for the SSP sub-domain of Under-responsive/seeks. Although SMD appears to be prevalent in preschoolers in PR, variables associated with SES do not appear to contribute to an overall SMD diagnosis. However, additional research linking specific sub-domains of SMD to SES variables may be warranted.
本研究的目的是确定波多黎各学龄前儿童样本中感觉调节障碍（SMD）的患病率，并根据社会经济地位（SES）变量检查SMD患病率的差异。从波多黎各（PR）的三个地区招募了来自“启智计划”项目和私立幼儿园儿童的照顾者参与研究。每位照顾者都完成了一份《简短感觉概况量表》（SSP）和一份人口数据表。SSP的总分用于确定SMD的诊断。总样本包括141名参与者（回复率为64%）。波多黎各总样本中SMD的患病率（19.9%）高于此前美国大陆报告的估计值（5%-16%）。统计结果表明，基于SES的SMD总体患病率没有差异。然而，在运动敏感性和反应不足/寻求感觉的SSP子领域中，发现基于照顾者教育程度的得分存在显著差异；在反应不足/寻求的SSP子领域中，基于照顾者家庭收入的得分也存在差异。尽管SMD在波多黎各学龄前儿童中似乎很普遍，但与SES相关的变量似乎并不会导致总体SMD诊断。然而，可能有必要进行更多将SMD特定子领域与SES变量联系起来的研究。
