Burkett-Cadena Nathan, Graham Sean P, Giovanetto Laine A
Department of Global Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
J Vector Ecol. 2013 Jun;38(1):12-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2013.12004.x.
The resting sites of tropical American mosquitoes are poorly documented, and the few reports that do exist are largely from opportunistic collections. Since blood-engorged females (used in determining host associations) are more efficiently collected from resting sites than attractive traps, information on resting site utilization has practical value. To investigate differences in the resting sites utilized by tropical mosquitoes, we collected and identified female mosquitoes from one man-made (resting shelter) and three natural (buttress tree roots, hollow trees, and understory vegetation) resting environments at a tropical dry forest location in western Costa Rica. All of the most common species collected demonstrated associations with one or more resting environments. Females of five species (blood-engorged Anopheles albimanus, Uranotaenia apicalis, Uranotaenia lowii, Uranotaenia orthodoxa, and blood-engorged Mansonia titillans) were collected in significantly greater numbers from understory vegetation than other resting environments. Culex erraticus and other members of the subgenus Melanoconion were encountered more often in resting shelters, hollow trees, and buttress roots, while Culex restrictor (blood-engorged) females were associated with hollow trees. Similarity indices indicate that buttress tree roots, hollow trees, and resting shelters are similar with respect to the mosquito communities that utilize them as resting sites, while understory vegetation has a resting fauna that is different than the other environments surveyed here. These results add to the body of information regarding resting sites utilized by tropical American mosquitoes.
美洲热带地区蚊子的栖息场所记录很少，现存的少数报告大多来自机会性采集。由于饱血雌蚊（用于确定宿主关联）从栖息场所采集比从诱捕器采集更有效，因此关于栖息场所利用的信息具有实际价值。为了研究热带蚊子利用的栖息场所差异，我们在哥斯达黎加西部的一个热带干燥森林地点，从一个人造（休息庇护所）和三个自然（支柱树根、空心树和林下植被）休息环境中收集并鉴定了雌蚊。所有采集到的最常见物种都表现出与一种或多种休息环境有关联。五种蚊子的雌蚊（饱血的白纹按蚊、顶带蓝带蚊、洛氏蓝带蚊、正统蓝带蚊和饱血的骚扰曼蚊）从林下植被中采集到的数量明显多于其他休息环境。不规则库蚊和黑蚊亚属的其他成员在休息庇护所、空心树和支柱根中出现的频率更高，而限制库蚊（饱血）雌蚊与空心树有关联。相似性指数表明，支柱树根、空心树和休息庇护所在作为休息场所被蚊子群落利用方面是相似的，而林下植被的栖息动物群与这里调查的其他环境不同。这些结果增加了有关美洲热带地区蚊子利用的栖息场所的信息。
