Department of Child Habilitation Centre, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Health Trust, Levanger, Norway.
Early Hum Dev. 2013 Sep;89(9):655-9. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2013.04.010. Epub 2013 May 20.
Age for onset of independent walking (AOW) is frequently used as an indicator of the progress of motor development in early life. Yet there is considerable uncertainty in the research literature about the age we should expect children to walk independently, and also whether prewalking strategies are of importance for this milestone. In clinical practice we commonly experience that children start walking at later ages than the standards presented in the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS), the most frequently used standardized instrument of gross motor development in Norway.
To investigate the normal distribution of AOW among Norwegian children, which prewalking locomotor strategies (PLS) children used before AOW, and if children who crawled on hands and knees started to walk earlier than children with other strategies.
This cross-sectional study was based on parental self reports from two data sources, i.e. the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa, n = 47,515), and project specific regionally collected data (n = 636).
Half of the Norwegian children had started to walk at 13 months (median). Twenty-five percent walked at 12 months and 75% of the children walked at 14 months. Mean AOW, claiming at least 5 independent steps, was 13.1 (1.91)months. Children who used crawling on hands and knees (84.5%) as PLS started to walk unaided 0.9 months earlier (95% CI = 0.32-1.49, p < 0.05) than bottom shufflers (7.1%).
Norwegian children start to walk considerably later than standards reported in AIMS. Crawling on hands and knees is associated with an earlier onset of walking.
独立行走的起始年龄（AOW）常被用作衡量婴幼儿运动发育进展的指标。然而，关于我们期望儿童独立行走的年龄，以及预行走策略是否对这一里程碑重要，研究文献中存在相当大的不确定性。在临床实践中，我们经常发现，儿童开始行走的年龄晚于阿尔伯塔婴儿运动量表（AIMS）中呈现的标准，该量表是挪威最常用的标准化粗大运动发育工具。
调查挪威儿童 AOW 的正常分布，儿童在 AOW 之前使用的预行走运动策略（PLS），以及是否手膝爬行的儿童比其他策略的儿童更早开始行走。
这是一项基于两项数据来源的横断面研究，即挪威母亲和儿童队列研究（MoBa，n=47515）和特定于项目的区域收集数据（n=636）。
一半的挪威儿童在 13 个月（中位数）时开始行走。25%的儿童在 12 个月时行走，75%的儿童在 14 个月时行走。至少有 5 次独立行走的平均 AOW 为 13.1（1.91）个月。使用手膝爬行（84.5%）作为 PLS 的儿童开始独立行走的时间早 0.9 个月（95%CI=0.32-1.49，p<0.05），比底部 shufflers（7.1%）早。
挪威儿童开始行走的时间明显晚于 AIMS 报告的标准。手膝爬行与行走起始年龄较早有关。
