Berlowitz D R, Wilking S V
Medical Service, ENRM Veterans Hospital, Bedford, MA 01730.
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1990 Jul;38(7):748-52. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1990.tb01464.x.
Patients with pressure sores have been observed to have a poor prognosis. The short-term outcome of pressure sores at a long-term care hospital was therefore evaluated. Medical records on the 301 admissions to this hospital over a 13-month period were reviewed. One hundred patients (33%) had a pressure sore present on admission. Using ordinary therapies, 79% of these pressure sores improved and 40% completely healed during the 6-week follow-up period. Remaining bed- or chair-bound was the sole patient characteristic associated with a failure of the pressure sore to improve. Mortality rates were significantly increased in patients with a pressure sore present on admission (relative risk [RR] = 1.9), in patients who developed a new sore (RR = 3.1), and in patients in whom the pressure sore failed to improve (RR = 3.3). However, the pressure sores did not appear to be the direct cause of this increased mortality. These data suggest that the majority of pressure sores encountered at a long-term care hospital can be successfully managed in this setting. Although patients with pressure sores have an increased mortality rate, this is most likely due to coexisting medical conditions.
据观察，患有压疮的患者预后较差。因此，对一家长期护理医院压疮的短期转归进行了评估。回顾了该医院13个月期间301例住院患者的病历。100例患者（33%）入院时存在压疮。采用常规治疗，在6周的随访期内，这些压疮中有79%有所改善，40%完全愈合。入院时即存在压疮且持续卧床或坐轮椅是压疮未改善的唯一相关患者特征。入院时存在压疮的患者（相对危险度[RR]=1.9）、出现新压疮的患者（RR=3.1）以及压疮未改善的患者（RR=3.3）的死亡率显著升高。然而，压疮似乎并非死亡率升高的直接原因。这些数据表明，在长期护理医院遇到的大多数压疮在这种情况下能够得到成功处理。虽然患有压疮的患者死亡率有所升高，但这很可能是由于并存的内科疾病所致。
