Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, , New York, New York, USA.
Inj Prev. 2013 Oct;19(5):348-54. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040578. Epub 2013 May 24.
This review considers the state of occupational injury surveillance and prevention among migrant workers in China and suggests areas of focus for future research on the topic.
Bibliographic databases were searched for qualitative and quantitative studies on surveillance of and interventions to prevent occupational injury among migrant workers in mainland China. Additional abstracts were identified from the citations of relevant articles from the database search. Studies fitting the inclusion criteria were evaluated, and findings were extracted and summarised.
The search uncovered 726 studies in the English-language databases searched, and 3109 in the Chinese database. This article analyses a total of 19 research articles that fit the inclusion criteria with qualitative or quantitative data on occupational injury surveillance and prevention of migrant workers in China. Despite evidence of the vulnerability of migrant workers in the workplace, there is little systematic surveillance of occupational injury and few evaluated interventions.
Migrant workers account for a disproportionate burden of occupational injury morbidity and mortality in China. However, data are inconsistent and inadequate to detail injury incidence or to evaluate interventions. The following are suggestions to decrease injury incidence among migrants: strengthen the national system of occupational injury surveillance; focus surveillance and interventions on high-risk occupations employing migrants such as construction, manufacturing and small mining operations; improve occupational safety training and access to appropriate safety equipment; evaluate recent changes in occupational health and safety and evaluate outcome of multi-party interventions to reduce occupational injury among migrant workers.
本综述旨在探讨中国农民工职业伤害监测与预防的现状，并提出该领域未来研究的重点。
在中文数据库中搜索了关于中国大陆农民工职业伤害监测和干预的定性和定量研究。还从数据库搜索的相关文章的参考文献中确定了额外的摘要。评估符合纳入标准的研究，并提取和总结研究结果。
英文数据库搜索共发现 726 篇研究，中文数据库搜索共发现 3109 篇。本文共分析了 19 篇符合纳入标准的研究，这些研究提供了中国农民工职业伤害监测和预防的定性或定量数据。尽管有证据表明农民工在工作场所处于弱势地位，但对职业伤害的系统监测很少，评估干预措施也很少。
农民工在中国职业伤害发病率和死亡率中占不成比例的负担。然而，数据不一致且不充分，无法详细说明伤害发生率或评估干预措施。以下是降低移民伤害发生率的建议：加强职业伤害监测的国家体系；将监测和干预重点放在建筑、制造和小型采矿等雇用农民工的高风险职业上；加强职业安全培训，提供适当的安全设备；评估最近职业健康和安全的变化，并评估多方干预措施减少农民工职业伤害的效果。
