Cognitive Neuroscience Division of the Department of Neurology, and the Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2013 Aug;19(7):841-4. doi: 10.1017/S1355617713000593. Epub 2013 May 29.
Cognitive reserve (CR) has been proposed as a latent variable that can account for the frequent discrepancy between an individual's underlying level of brain pathology and their observed clinical outcome. A possible behavioral manifestation of CR is best strategy choice. Older adults have been shown to choose sub-optimal strategies for performing various tasks. The present study attempted to investigate whether greater levels of CR could predict greater strategy selection, particularly in older adults. A computational estimation task was administered to 20 healthy young adults (mean age = 24.7 ± 3.6; 20-31 years) and 18 healthy older adults (68.2 ± 4.5; 62-77 years) wherein participants needed to estimate the product of two two-digit numbers by using one of two strategies. The results revealed an effect of age group on strategy choice and supported the hypothesis that CR is associated with increased strategy selection abilities.
认知储备（CR）被提出作为一个潜在的变量，可以解释个体的大脑病理水平与其观察到的临床结果之间经常存在的差异。CR 的一种可能的行为表现是最佳策略选择。已经证明，老年人在执行各种任务时会选择次优策略。本研究试图探讨更高水平的 CR 是否可以预测更大的策略选择，特别是在老年人中。向 20 名健康的年轻成年人（平均年龄=24.7±3.6；20-31 岁）和 18 名健康的老年人（68.2±4.5；62-77 岁）施测了一项计算估计任务，参与者需要使用两种策略中的一种来估计两个两位数的乘积。结果显示了年龄组对策略选择的影响，并支持了 CR 与增加策略选择能力相关的假设。
