Department of Plant Science, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul 151-921, Korea.
J Ginseng Res. 2011 Nov;35(4):399-412. doi: 10.5142/jgr.2011.35.4.399.
Little is known about the genetics or genomics of Panax ginseng. In this study, we developed 70 expressed sequence tag-derived polymorphic simple sequence repeat markers by trials of 140 primer pairs. All of the 70 markers showed reproducible polymorphism among four Panax speciesand 19 of them were polymorphic in six P. ginseng cultivars. These markers segregated 1:2:1 manner of Mendelian inheritance in an F2 population of a cross between two P. ginseng cultivars, 'Yunpoong' and 'Chunpoong', indicating that these are reproducible and inheritable mappable markers. A phylogenetic analysis using the genotype data showed three distinctive groups: a P. ginseng-P. japonicus clade, P. notoginseng and P. quinquefolius, with similarity coefficients of 0.70. P. japonicus was intermingled with P. ginseng cultivars, indicating that both species have similar genetic backgrounds. P. ginseng cultivars were subdivided into three minor groups: an independent cultivar 'Chunpoong', a subgroup with three accessions including two cultivars, 'Gumpoong' and 'Yunpoong' and one landrace 'Hwangsook' and another subgroup with two accessions including one cultivar, 'Gopoong' and one landrace 'Jakyung'. Each primer pair produced 1 to 4 bands, indicating that the ginseng genome has a highly replicated paleopolyploid genome structure.
关于人参的遗传学或基因组学知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们通过对 140 对引物的试验，开发了 70 个基于表达序列标签的多态简单重复序列标记。这 70 个标记在 4 种人参属植物和 6 种人参栽培品种中均表现出可重复性多态性，其中 19 个标记在 6 种人参栽培品种中表现出多态性。这些标记在‘云鹏’和‘春鹏’两个人参栽培品种杂交的 F2 群体中以孟德尔 1:2:1 的方式分离，表明这些标记是可重复和可遗传的图谱标记。利用基因型数据进行的系统发育分析显示了三个独特的组：人参-日本人参群、三七和西洋参，相似系数为 0.70。日本人参与人参栽培品种混合在一起，表明这两个物种具有相似的遗传背景。人参栽培品种分为三个小群：一个独立的品种‘春鹏’，一个包括两个品种‘甘鹏’和‘云鹏’和一个地方品种‘黄苏’的亚群，另一个包括一个品种‘高鹏’和一个地方品种‘嘉雄’的亚群。每个引物对产生 1 到 4 条带，表明人参基因组具有高度复制的古多倍体基因组结构。
