Scacchia Massimo, Di Provvido Andrea, Ippoliti Carla, Kefle Uqbazghi, Sebhatu Tesfaalem T, D'Angelo Annarita, De Massis Fabrizio
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise 'G. Caporale', Teramo.
Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 2013 Apr 23;80(1):448. doi: 10.4102/ojvr.v80i1.448.
In order to get a reliable estimate of brucellosis prevalence in Eritrean dairy cattle, a cross-sectional study was carried out in 2009. The survey considered the sub-population of dairy cattle reared in modern small- and medium-sized farms. Samples were screened with the Rose Bengal test (RBT) and positive cases were confirmed with the complement fixation test (CFT). A total of 2.77%(417/15 049; Credibility Interval CI: 2.52% - 3.05%) of the animals tested in this study were positive for antibodies to Brucellaspecies, with a variable and generally low distribution of positive animals at regional level. The highest seroprevalence was found in the Maekel region (5.15%; CI: 4.58% - 5.80%), followed by the Debub (1.99%; CI: 1.59% - 2.50%) and Gash-Barka (1.71%; CI: 1.34% - 2.20%) regions. Seroprevalence at sub-regional levels was also generally low, except for two sub-regions of Debub and the sub-region Haicota from the Gash-Barka region. Seroprevalence was high and more uniformly distributed in the Maekel region, namely in the Asmara, Berik and Serejeka sub-regions. Considering the overall low brucellosis prevalence in the country, as identified by the present study, a brucellosis eradication programme for dairy farms using a test-and-slaughter policy would be possible. However, to encourage the voluntary participation of farmers to the programme and to raise their awareness of the risks related to the disease for animals and humans, an extensive public awareness campaign should be carefully considered, as well as strict and mandatory dairy movement control.
为了获得厄立特里亚奶牛布鲁氏菌病流行率的可靠估计值，2009年开展了一项横断面研究。该调查针对在现代中小型农场饲养的奶牛亚群体。样本采用玫瑰红试验（RBT）进行筛查，阳性病例用补体结合试验（CFT）进行确认。本研究中检测的动物共有2.77%（417/15049；可信区间CI：2.52% - 3.05%）对布鲁氏菌属抗体呈阳性，各地区阳性动物的分布情况不一且总体较低。血清阳性率最高的是马萨瓦地区（5.15%；CI：4.58% - 5.80%），其次是南方地区（1.99%；CI：1.59% - 2.50%）和加什-巴尔卡地区（1.71%；CI：1.34% - 2.20%）。除南方地区的两个分区以及加什-巴尔卡地区的海科塔分区外，次区域层面的血清阳性率总体也较低。血清阳性率在马萨瓦地区较高且分布更为均匀，即在阿斯马拉、贝里克和塞雷杰卡次区域。鉴于本研究确定该国布鲁氏菌病总体流行率较低，采用检测和扑杀政策的奶牛场布鲁氏菌病根除计划是可行的。然而，为鼓励养殖户自愿参与该计划并提高他们对动物和人类相关疾病风险的认识，应认真考虑开展广泛的公众宣传活动，以及严格且强制的奶牛移动控制措施。
