Medical Research Council Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, UK.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2013 Aug;98(2):327-34. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.112.051383. Epub 2013 May 29.
High sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption is associated with cardiometabolic disturbances in adults, but this relation is relatively unexplored in children and adolescents.
We tested the hypothesis that higher SSB intakes are associated with increases in cardiometabolic risk factors between 14 and 17 y of age.
Data were provided by 1433 adolescent offspring from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study. At 14 and 17 y of age, SSB intakes were estimated by using a food-frequency questionnaire; body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting serum lipids, glucose, and insulin were measured, and overall cardiometabolic risk was estimated. Prospective associations between cardiovascular disease risk factors and SSB intake were examined with adjustment for age, pubertal stage, physical fitness, socioeconomic status, and major dietary patterns.
The average SSB intake in consumers (89%) was 335 g/d or 1.3 servings/d. Girls who moved into the top tertile of SSB consumption (>1.3 servings/d) between 14 and 17 y of age had increases in BMI (3.8%; 95% CI: 1.8%, 5.7%), increased overweight and obesity risk (OR: 4.8, 95% CI: 2.1, 11.4), and greater overall cardiometabolic risk (OR: 3.2; 95% CI: 1.6, 6.2) (all P-trend ≤ 0.001). Girls and boys who moved into the top tertile of SSB intake showed increases in triglycerides (7.0-8.4%; P-trend ≤ 0.03), and boys showed reductions in HDL cholesterol (-3.1%; 95% CI: -6.2%, 0.1%; P-trend < 0.04) independent of BMI. Some associations were attenuated after adjustment for major dietary patterns.
Increased SSB intake may be an important predictor of cardiometabolic risk in young people, independent of weight status.
高糖饮料（SSB）的摄入与成年人的心血管代谢紊乱有关，但在儿童和青少年中，这种关系相对较少被研究。
我们检验了以下假设，即 SSB 摄入量的增加与 14 至 17 岁时心血管代谢危险因素的增加有关。
数据来自西澳大利亚妊娠队列（Raine）研究的 1433 名青少年后代。在 14 岁和 17 岁时，通过食物频率问卷估计 SSB 摄入量；测量体重指数（BMI）、腰围、血压、空腹血清脂质、葡萄糖和胰岛素，并估计整体心血管代谢风险。通过调整年龄、青春期阶段、体能、社会经济地位和主要饮食模式，检查心血管疾病危险因素与 SSB 摄入量之间的前瞻性关联。
消费者（89%）的 SSB 平均摄入量为 335 克/天或 1.3 份/天。14 岁至 17 岁期间 SSB 摄入量进入最高三分位（>1.3 份/天）的女孩，其 BMI 增加（3.8%；95%CI：1.8%，5.7%），超重和肥胖风险增加（OR：4.8，95%CI：2.1，11.4），以及整体心血管代谢风险增加（OR：3.2；95%CI：1.6，6.2）（所有 P-趋势≤0.001）。进入 SSB 摄入量最高三分位的女孩和男孩的甘油三酯增加（7.0-8.4%；P-趋势≤0.03），男孩的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇减少（-3.1%；95%CI：-6.2%，0.1%；P-趋势<0.04），而 BMI 则不受影响。在调整主要饮食模式后，一些关联减弱。
SSB 摄入量的增加可能是年轻人心血管代谢风险的一个重要预测因素，独立于体重状况。
