D'Aoust J Y, Daley E, Crozier M, Sewell A M
Health and Welfare Canada, Sir Frederick Banting Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Am J Epidemiol. 1990 Aug;132(2):233-8. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115652.
The occurrence of Salmonella spp. in red-eared (Pseudemys scripta elegans) turtle eggs imported into Canada from Louisiana in June to September 1988 was examined. Of 28 lots tested, six (21%) lots from three of four exporters harbored salmonellae. Salmonella poona and Salmonella arizonae were frequently encountered in both fertile eggs and packaging moss. Turtles hatched in our laboratory from affected lots of eggs shed Salmonella in tank water for up to 11 months. Widespread use of gentamicin on turtle farms to produce Salmonella-free eggs for export apparently encouraged development of antibiotic resistance in bacterial strains. Of 37 Salmonella strains isolated in this study, 30 (81%) were gentamicin resistant. Such high levels of antibiotic-resistant salmonellae in turtle eggs pose a serious human health risk. Further marketing of turtle eggs and hatchlings should be curtailed until consistent production and distribution of Salmonella-free stocks can be assured.
对1988年6月至9月从路易斯安那州进口到加拿大的红耳龟（滑龟指名亚种）蛋中沙门氏菌的出现情况进行了检查。在测试的28批龟蛋中，来自四个出口商中三个的六批（21%）含有沙门氏菌。在受精卵和包装苔藓中经常发现普纳沙门氏菌和亚利桑那沙门氏菌。在我们实验室中，从受影响的龟蛋批次孵化出的幼龟在养殖水箱的水中排出沙门氏菌长达11个月。龟养殖场广泛使用庆大霉素来生产用于出口的无沙门氏菌蛋，这显然促使细菌菌株产生了抗生素耐药性。在本研究中分离出的37株沙门氏菌菌株中，30株（81%）对庆大霉素耐药。龟蛋中如此高比例的耐抗生素沙门氏菌对人类健康构成严重风险。在能够确保稳定生产和分发无沙门氏菌的龟蛋和幼龟之前，应减少龟蛋和幼龟的进一步销售。
