Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, USA; Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, USA; Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale University, USA; Yale Cancer Center, USA.
Virology. 2013 Oct;445(1-2):99-114. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2013.05.006. Epub 2013 May 31.
The E5 proteins are short transmembrane proteins encoded by many animal and human papillomaviruses. These proteins display transforming activity in cultured cells and animals, and they presumably also play a role in the productive virus life cycle. The E5 proteins are thought to act by modulating the activity of cellular proteins. Here, we describe the biological activities of the best-studied E5 proteins and discuss the evidence implicating specific protein targets and pathways in mediating these activities. The primary target of the 44-amino acid BPV1 E5 protein is the PDGF β receptor, whereas the EGF receptor appears to be an important target of the 83-amino acid HPV16 E5 protein. Both E5 proteins also bind to the vacuolar ATPase and affect MHC class I expression and cell-cell communication. Continued studies of the E5 proteins will elucidate important aspects of transmembrane protein-protein interactions, cellular signal transduction, cell biology, virus replication, and tumorigenesis.
E5 蛋白是许多动物和人乳头瘤病毒编码的短跨膜蛋白。这些蛋白在培养细胞和动物中具有转化活性，它们可能也在病毒的复制周期中发挥作用。E5 蛋白被认为通过调节细胞蛋白的活性起作用。本文描述了研究最充分的 E5 蛋白的生物学活性，并讨论了将特定蛋白靶标和途径牵涉到这些活性的证据。BPV1 E5 蛋白的 44 个氨基酸主要靶标是 PDGFβ 受体，而 HPV16 E5 蛋白的 83 个氨基酸似乎是 EGF 受体的重要靶标。两种 E5 蛋白还与液泡型 ATP 酶结合，并影响 MHC Ⅰ类的表达和细胞间通讯。对 E5 蛋白的进一步研究将阐明跨膜蛋白-蛋白相互作用、细胞信号转导、细胞生物学、病毒复制和肿瘤发生的重要方面。
