Hunter Stacy D, Dhindsa Mandeep S, Cunningham Emily, Tarumi Takashi, Alkatan Mohammed, Nualnim Nantinee, Tanaka Hirofumi
Cardiovascular Aging Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX.
J Altern Complement Med. 2013 Dec;19(12):930-4. doi: 10.1089/acm.2012.0709. Epub 2013 Jun 5.
Bikram yoga is the most popular form of hot yoga, despite the limited information available on its cardiovascular benefits. This study sought to determine the effect of Bikram yoga on arterial stiffness and insulin resistance in young and older adults.
Twenty-four young (mean age±standard deviation, 30±1 years) and 18 middle-aged and older (mean age, 53±2 years) adults completed an 8-week Bikram yoga intervention. Bikram yoga classes were performed for 90 minutes per session, three times per week, in a room heated to 40.5°C with 40%--60% relative humidity.
Body mass, body fat percentage, blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose and triglyceride concentrations did not significantly change as a result of the intervention in either the young or the older group. Trunk flexibility, as measured by the sit-and-reach test, increased in both groups (p<0.01). Total (p<0.05) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p<0.05) levels, plasma insulin concentrations (p<0.01), and scores on the homeostatic model of the assessment of insulin resistance (p<0.01) decreased in older adults, whereas total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were reduced in young adults (all p<0.05). Carotid artery compliance (p<0.05) was increased and β-stiffness index decreased in young (p<0.05) but not in older adults. Carotid pulse pressure did not significantly change in either group.
A relatively short-term Bikram yoga intervention improved arterial stiffness in young but not older adults and significantly reduced insulin resistance index in older but not young adults.
尽管关于高温瑜伽对心血管益处的信息有限，但比克拉姆瑜伽仍是最流行的热瑜伽形式。本研究旨在确定比克拉姆瑜伽对年轻人和老年人动脉僵硬度及胰岛素抵抗的影响。
24名年轻人（平均年龄±标准差，30±1岁）和18名中老年人（平均年龄，53±2岁）完成了为期8周的比克拉姆瑜伽干预。比克拉姆瑜伽课程每次进行90分钟，每周三次，在温度保持在40.5°C、相对湿度为40% - 60%的房间内进行。
无论是年轻人组还是老年人组，干预后体重、体脂百分比、血压、空腹血糖和甘油三酯浓度均无显著变化。通过坐位体前屈测试测量的躯干柔韧性在两组中均有所增加（p<0.01）。老年人的总胆固醇（p<0.05）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（p<0.05）水平、血浆胰岛素浓度（p<0.01）以及胰岛素抵抗评估稳态模型得分（p<0.01）均降低，而年轻人的总胆固醇和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度降低（均p<0.05）。年轻人的颈动脉顺应性增加（p<0.05），β僵硬度指数降低（p<0.05），而老年人则无此变化。两组的颈动脉脉压均无显著变化。
相对短期的比克拉姆瑜伽干预改善了年轻人而非老年人的动脉僵硬度，并显著降低了老年人而非年轻人的胰岛素抵抗指数。
