Yang Yue, Zhang Weiyuan, Chan Ada, Li Chunling, He Xiaoyan, Cui Lei, Lv Yuren, Liu Juan, Guo Xiuhua
Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 2013 Jun;84(6):625-9. doi: 10.3357/asem.3499.2013.
To investigate the correlations between occupational risk factors and reproductive health and to provide targeted healthcare services to female civil aviation employees based on surveys about menstrual and reproductive health status.
Subjects were selected from flight attendants working for China Southern Airlines, Air China, and other airlines; employees of China Aviation Oil Limited, China TravelSky, and China Aviation Supplies Holding Company; and airport ground service crews. Data were collected using anonymous questionnaires. A total of 1175 valid questionnaires were recovered. The subjects were categorized into a flight attendant group and a ground service group, which contained 563 and 612 women, respectively.
The prevalence of irregular menstruation, including abnormal cycles, severe dysmenorrhea, and hypomenorrhea or menorrhagia, was significantly higher in the flight attendant group (30.55%) than in the ground service group (13.40%); in concordance, the fertility rate was significantly lower in the flight attendant group (36.59%) than in the ground service group (43.95%). The spontaneous abortion rate in the flight attendant group (6.80%) was significantly higher than in the ground service group (2.97%). The rate of life-threatening abortions, preterm births, and low birth weight was significantly lower in the flight attendant group than in the ground service group.
The impact of occupational risk factors on the reproductive health of female aviation workers should be evaluated and examined more thoroughly. Additional healthcare services such as routine menstruation healthcare and policies for workers planning to have a pregnancy are beneficial in monitoring reproductive health, reducing harmful exposures during early pregnancy, and preventing incapacitating gynecologic events.
通过对月经及生殖健康状况的调查,探讨职业危险因素与生殖健康之间的相关性,为女性民航从业人员提供有针对性的医疗服务。
选取南方航空、中国国际航空等航空公司的乘务员;中国航油、中国民航信息集团、中国航空器材集团公司的员工;以及机场地勤人员作为研究对象。采用匿名问卷调查的方式收集数据。共回收有效问卷1175份。将研究对象分为乘务员组和地勤组,分别包含563名和612名女性。
乘务员组月经不调(包括月经周期异常、严重痛经、月经过少或过多)的患病率(30.55%)显著高于地勤组(13.40%);相应地,乘务员组的生育率(36.59%)显著低于地勤组(43.95%)。乘务员组的自然流产率(6.80%)显著高于地勤组(2.97%)。乘务员组危及生命的流产、早产和低体重儿的发生率显著低于地勤组。
应更全面地评估和研究职业危险因素对女性航空工作人员生殖健康的影响。额外的医疗服务,如常规月经保健和针对计划怀孕员工的政策,有助于监测生殖健康、减少孕早期的有害暴露,并预防严重的妇科疾病。