Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Nutrition. 2013 Sep;29(9):1100-5. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2013.02.004. Epub 2013 Jun 6.
Several studies assessed the effect of glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) on energy intake in children but findings are not consistent in this regard. The aim of this study is to summarize and assess the evidence for the effect of GI and GL on energy intake by conducting a meta-analysis on published randomized clinical trials.
Our search process was conducted in PUBMED, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. The following keywords were searched in any part of published articles: "glycemic index" OR "glycaemic index" OR "glycemic load" OR "glycaemic load" OR "energy intake" AND "child" OR "children" OR "adolescent" OR "youth."
We gathered 5099 articles. Non-clinical trial studies that did not intervene by GI or GL or those not assessing energy intake as a dependent variable and those that were conducted on patients over age 18 y were excluded. Each included study was evaluated three times and the exclusion criteria was checked. Eventually, six studies from 1999 to 2012 met the criteria (213 participants ages 4-17.5 y). There is heterogeneity in the study's participants in the present paper. Children with type 2 diabetes, obesity, or normal-weight children were recruited in different studies. Overall effect of consuming low GI (LGI) and low GL (LGL) meals on energy intake was not significant. Subgroup analysis showed that LGI (not LGL) meals decreased subsequent energy intake, whereas heterogeneity was significant in the LGI group of studies. Although a slight asymmetry was shown by Begg's funnel plot, the Egger's asymmetry was not significant. We did not find any evidence of publication bias for studies assessing the effect of low GI or GL meals on energy intake.
Consuming LGI diet (not LGL) has favorable effect on reducing energy intake and obesity, subsequently.
有几项研究评估了血糖指数（GI）和血糖负荷（GL）对儿童能量摄入的影响，但这方面的研究结果并不一致。本研究旨在通过对已发表的随机临床试验进行荟萃分析，总结和评估 GI 和 GL 对能量摄入的影响的证据。
我们在 PUBMED、Web of Science 和 Google Scholar 数据库中进行了搜索。在发表文章的任何部分都搜索了以下关键词：“血糖指数”或“血糖指数”或“血糖负荷”或“血糖负荷”或“能量摄入”和“儿童”或“儿童”或“青少年”或“青年”。
我们共收集了 5099 篇文章。排除了非临床试验研究，这些研究没有通过 GI 或 GL 进行干预，或者没有将能量摄入作为因变量进行评估，或者是针对 18 岁以上患者进行的研究。每个纳入的研究都评估了三次，并检查了排除标准。最终，有 6 项研究（213 名年龄在 4-17.5 岁的参与者）符合标准。本研究的研究对象存在异质性。不同的研究招募了患有 2 型糖尿病、肥胖或正常体重的儿童。摄入低 GI（LGI）和低 GL（LGL）膳食对能量摄入的总体影响不显著。亚组分析表明，LGI（非 LGL）膳食减少了随后的能量摄入，而 LGI 组研究的异质性显著。尽管 Begg 漏斗图显示出轻微的不对称，但 Egger 不对称不显著。我们没有发现任何证据表明评估低 GI 或 GL 膳食对能量摄入影响的研究存在发表偏倚。
摄入低 GI 饮食（非 LGL）有利于减少能量摄入和肥胖。
