Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
Neuroimage. 2013 Nov 15;82:326-35. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.05.119. Epub 2013 Jun 6.
Both sleep deprivation and extended task engagement (time-on-task) have been shown to degrade performance in tasks evaluating sustained attention. Here we used pulsed arterial spin labeling (pASL) to study participants engaged in a demanding selective attention task. The participants were imaged twice, once after a normal night of sleep and once after approximately 24h of total sleep deprivation. We compared task-related changes in BOLD signal alongside ASL-based cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes. We also collected resting baseline CBF data prior to and following task performance. Both BOLD fMRI and ASL identified spatially congruent task activation in ventral visual cortex and fronto-parietal regions. Sleep deprivation and time-on-task caused a decline of both measures in ventral visual cortex. BOLD fMRI also revealed such declines in fronto-parietal cortex. Only early visual cortex showed a significant upward shift in resting baseline CBF following sleep deprivation, suggesting that the neural consequences of both SD and ToT are primarily evident in task-evoked signals. We conclude that BOLD fMRI is preferable to pASL in studies evaluating sleep deprivation given its better signal to noise characteristics and the relative paucity of state differences in baseline CBF.
睡眠剥夺和长时间任务参与（任务时间）都会降低评估持续注意力任务的表现。在这里，我们使用脉冲动脉自旋标记（pASL）来研究参与高要求选择性注意任务的参与者。参与者接受了两次成像，一次是在正常的一夜睡眠后，一次是在大约 24 小时的总睡眠剥夺后。我们比较了与任务相关的 BOLD 信号变化以及基于 ASL 的脑血流（CBF）变化。我们还在任务前后收集了静息基线 CBF 数据。BOLD fMRI 和 ASL 都在腹侧视觉皮层和额顶叶区域识别出空间一致的任务激活。睡眠剥夺和长时间任务导致腹侧视觉皮层中两种测量值的下降。BOLD fMRI 还揭示了额顶叶皮层的这种下降。只有早期视觉皮层在睡眠剥夺后静息基线 CBF 出现显著向上移位，这表明 SD 和 ToT 的神经后果主要表现在任务诱发的信号中。我们得出的结论是，由于其更好的信噪比特性以及静息基线 CBF 中状态差异相对较少，因此在评估睡眠剥夺的研究中，BOLD fMRI 优于 pASL。
