Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 200 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA,
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2014 Jan;42(1):161-71. doi: 10.1007/s10802-013-9766-4.
This study examined associations between elevated symptoms of prenatal depression or anxiety and offspring emotional and behavioral problems during mid to late childhood taking into account the impact of later maternal mental health symptoms. The sample consisted of 2,891 women and their children (49 % male) from a prospective, community-based study, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Women completed measures of depressive (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) and anxious (Crown Crisp Experiential Index) symptoms at regular intervals beginning in pregnancy. Mothers and teachers assessed offspring emotional and behavioral problems using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire when children were 10-11 years old. Multivariable regression models were fit to address study hypotheses. Exposure to elevated symptoms of maternal depression during pregnancy was associated with increased total offspring emotional and behavioral problems, even after controlling for later maternal mental health problems and a range of sociodemographic and psychosocial characteristics, according to mothers' but not teachers' reports. Similarly, children exposed to elevated symptoms of maternal anxiety during pregnancy were reported to have increased total emotional and behavioral problems by mothers but not by teachers. We found support for modest associations between elevated symptoms of maternal depression and anxiety during the prenatal period and certain domains of offspring emotional and behavioral problems in mid to late childhood above and beyond the impact of later maternal mental health problems. These findings highlight the need for additional clinical and research attention to the prenatal period and to both maternal depression and anxiety.
本研究考察了孕期抑郁或焦虑症状升高与儿童中期至晚期情绪和行为问题之间的关联，同时考虑了后期产妇心理健康症状的影响。该样本由 2891 名女性及其子女（49%为男性）组成，来自一项前瞻性、基于社区的研究——雅芳纵向父母与子女研究。女性在怀孕期间定期完成抑郁（爱丁堡产后抑郁量表）和焦虑（Crown Crisp 体验指数）症状的评估。当孩子 10-11 岁时，母亲和教师使用长处和困难问卷评估子女的情绪和行为问题。采用多变量回归模型来解决研究假设。根据母亲的报告，但不是教师的报告，孕期暴露于母亲抑郁症状升高与子女整体情绪和行为问题增加有关，即使在控制了后期产妇心理健康问题和一系列社会人口学和心理社会特征之后。同样，据母亲报告，孕期暴露于母亲焦虑症状升高的儿童报告情绪和行为问题的总得分增加，但教师的报告没有增加。我们发现，在中期至晚期，孕期母亲抑郁和焦虑症状升高与子女某些情绪和行为问题领域之间存在适度关联，这超出了后期产妇心理健康问题的影响。这些发现强调需要进一步关注产前阶段以及母亲的抑郁和焦虑问题。
