Saban Karen L, Hoppensteadt Debra, Bryant Fred B, DeVon Holli A
Marcella Niehoff School of Nursing, Loyola University, Maywood, IL, USA Edward Hines Jr. Veterans Administration Hospital, Hines, IL, USA
Department of Pathology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University, Maywood, IL, USA.
Biol Res Nurs. 2014 Jul;16(3):258-65. doi: 10.1177/1099800413491422. Epub 2013 Jun 7.
African American (AA) women are nearly twice as likely as non-Hispanic White (NHW) women to develop atherosclerosis associated with cardiovascular disease. Compelling evidence demonstrates that stress-related biomarkers, such as heat shock protein-70 (HSP70), are associated with increased atherosclerosis risk. Yet little is known about how social factors such as perceived discrimination, subjective social status, and socioeconomic status contribute to the levels of these biomarkers in women with atherosclerosis. The aims of this pilot study were to (1) describe perceived everyday discrimination, subjective social status, perceived stress, and HSP70 level in AA and NHW women diagnosed with coronary or carotid artery disease requiring intervention and (2) determine the extent to which perceived discrimination, subjective social status, and perceived stress are associated with HSP70 level, controlling for age, education, and race. The sample for this cross-sectional, descriptive pilot study consisted of 10 AA and 21 NHW women admitted to the hospital for elective percutaneous cardiac intervention or carotid endarterectomy. Participants completed questionnaires measuring psychosocial variables and provided blood samples for analysis of HSP70. Race, age, education, perceived stress, perceived discrimination, and subjective social status significantly (p = .022) explained 34% of the variance in HSP70 levels. However, only subjective social status (p = .031) and AA race (p = .031) were significant independent predictors of HSP70 levels, with lower subjective social status and AA race associated with higher HSP70. Although larger studies are needed to confirm these results, findings imply that race and subjective social status may play an important role in predicting stress biomarker levels.
非裔美国（AA）女性患与心血管疾病相关的动脉粥样硬化的可能性几乎是非西班牙裔白人（NHW）女性的两倍。有力证据表明，与压力相关的生物标志物，如热休克蛋白70（HSP70），与动脉粥样硬化风险增加有关。然而，对于诸如感知到的歧视、主观社会地位和社会经济地位等社会因素如何影响患有动脉粥样硬化的女性体内这些生物标志物的水平，人们知之甚少。这项试点研究的目的是：（1）描述被诊断患有需要干预的冠状动脉或颈动脉疾病的非裔美国女性和非西班牙裔白人女性所感知到的日常歧视、主观社会地位、感知到的压力以及HSP70水平；（2）在控制年龄、教育程度和种族的情况下，确定感知到的歧视、主观社会地位和感知到的压力与HSP70水平之间的关联程度。这项横断面描述性试点研究的样本包括10名因择期经皮心脏介入治疗或颈动脉内膜切除术而入院的非裔美国女性和21名非西班牙裔白人女性。参与者完成了测量心理社会变量的问卷，并提供了用于分析HSP70的血样。种族、年龄、教育程度、感知到的压力、感知到的歧视和主观社会地位显著（p = 0.022）解释了HSP70水平变异的34%。然而，只有主观社会地位（p = 0.031）和非裔美国种族（p = 0.031）是HSP70水平的显著独立预测因素，主观社会地位较低和非裔美国种族与较高的HSP70水平相关。尽管需要更大规模的研究来证实这些结果，但研究结果表明种族和主观社会地位可能在预测压力生物标志物水平方面发挥重要作用。
