School of Sport and Exercise, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand.
Clin Biochem. 2013 Oct;46(15):1353-71. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2013.05.070. Epub 2013 Jun 10.
The pathology of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is complex; multiple biological pathways have been implicated, including, but not limited to, inflammation and oxidative stress. Biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress may serve to help identify patients at risk for CVD, to monitor the efficacy of treatments, and to develop new pharmacological tools. However, due to the complexities of CVD pathogenesis there is no single biomarker available to estimate absolute risk of future cardiovascular events. Furthermore, not all biomarkers are equal; the functions of many biomarkers overlap, some offer better prognostic information than others, and some are better suited to identify/predict the pathogenesis of particular cardiovascular events. The identification of the most appropriate set of biomarkers can provide a detailed picture of the specific nature of the cardiovascular event. The following review provides an overview of existing and emerging inflammatory biomarkers, pro-inflammatory cytokines, anti-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, oxidative stress biomarkers, and antioxidant biomarkers. The functions of each biomarker are discussed, and prognostic data are provided where available.
心血管疾病 (CVD) 的病理学较为复杂；涉及多种生物学途径，包括但不限于炎症和氧化应激。炎症和氧化应激的生物标志物可能有助于识别有 CVD 风险的患者，监测治疗效果，并开发新的药理学工具。然而，由于 CVD 发病机制的复杂性，目前尚无单一的生物标志物可用于估计未来心血管事件的绝对风险。此外，并非所有的生物标志物都是平等的；许多生物标志物的功能重叠，有些标志物提供的预后信息优于其他标志物，有些标志物更适合识别/预测特定心血管事件的发病机制。确定最合适的一组生物标志物可以提供心血管事件具体性质的详细信息。以下综述提供了现有和新兴的炎症生物标志物、促炎细胞因子、抗炎细胞因子、趋化因子、氧化应激生物标志物和抗氧化生物标志物的概述。讨论了每种生物标志物的功能，并提供了可用的预后数据。
