Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
Arch Microbiol. 2013 Aug;195(8):579-85. doi: 10.1007/s00203-013-0904-8. Epub 2013 Jun 12.
Cordyceps militaris is a heterothallic ascomycetous fungus that has been cultivated as a medicinal mushroom. This study was conducted to improve fruiting body production by PCR assessment. Based on single-ascospore isolates selected from wild and cultivated populations, the conserved sequences of α-BOX in MAT1-1 and HMG-BOX in MAT1-2 were used as markers for the detection of mating types by PCR. PCR results indicated that the ratio of mating types is consistent with a theoretical ratio of 1:1 (MAT1-1:MAT1-2) in wild (66:70) and cultivated (71:60) populations. Cross-mating between the opposite mating types produced over fivefold more well-developed fruiting bodies than self- or cross-mating between strains within the same mating type. This study may serve as a valuable reference for artificial culturing of C. militaris and other edible and medicinal mushrooms and may be useful to develop an efficient process for the selection, domestication, and management of strains for industrial-scale production.
蛹虫草是一种有性繁殖的子囊菌，已被培育为药用蘑菇。本研究通过 PCR 评估来提高子实体产量。本研究从野生和栽培种群中选择单孢分离物，使用 MAT1-1 中的α-BOX 和 MAT1-2 中的 HMG-BOX 的保守序列作为 PCR 检测交配型的标记。PCR 结果表明，野生（66:70）和栽培（71:60）种群的交配型比例与理论 1:1（MAT1-1:MAT1-2）比例一致。与同一交配型内菌株的自交或杂交相比，相反交配型之间的杂交产生的发育良好的子实体超过五倍。本研究可为蛹虫草和其他可食用药用蘑菇的人工栽培提供有价值的参考，可能有助于开发用于工业规模生产的菌株选择、驯化和管理的有效方法。
