Kontogiannatos Dimitrios, Koutrotsios Georgios, Xekalaki Savvina, Zervakis Georgios I
Laboratory of General and Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece.
J Fungi (Basel). 2021 Nov 19;7(11):986. doi: 10.3390/jof7110986.
is an entomopathogenic ascomycete with similar pharmacological importance to that of the wild caterpillar fungus . has attracted significant research and commercial interest due to its content in bioactive compounds beneficial to human health and the relative ease of cultivation under laboratory conditions. However, room for improvement exists in the commercial-scale cultivation of and concerns issues principally related to appropriate strain selection, genetic degeneration of cultures, and substrate optimization. In particular, culture degeneration-usually expressed by abnormal fruit body formation and reduced sporulation-results in important economic losses and is holding back investors and potential growers (mainly in Western countries) from further developing this highly promising sector. In the present review, the main factors that influence the generation of biomass and metabolites (with emphasis on cordycepin biosynthesis) by are presented and evaluated in conjunction with the use of a wide range of supplements or additives towards the enhancement of fungal productivity in large-scale cultivation processes. Moreover, physiological and genetic factors that increase or reduce the manifestation of strain degeneration in are outlined. Finally, methodologies for developing protocols to be used in functional biology studies are discussed.
是一种昆虫病原子囊菌，在药理学上具有与野生虫草相似的重要性。由于其含有对人体健康有益的生物活性化合物，且在实验室条件下相对易于培养，因此引起了广泛的研究和商业兴趣。然而，在商业化规模培养方面仍有改进空间，主要涉及合适菌株的选择、培养物的遗传退化以及基质优化等问题。特别是，培养物退化——通常表现为子实体形成异常和孢子形成减少——会导致重大经济损失，阻碍投资者和潜在种植者（主要在西方国家）进一步发展这个极具潜力的领域。在本综述中，介绍并评估了影响其生物量和代谢产物生成（重点是虫草素生物合成）的主要因素，并结合使用各种补充剂或添加剂来提高大规模培养过程中真菌的生产力。此外，还概述了增加或减少其菌株退化表现的生理和遗传因素。最后，讨论了开发用于其功能生物学研究方案的方法。
