Aboueisha Abdelkarim Mahmoud, El-Mahallawy Heba
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Med Mycol J. 2013;54(2):123-9. doi: 10.3314/mmj.54.123.
[corrected] Dermatophytes are common in both developed and developing countries, the species involved and the resulting clinical entities vary geographically.
To determine public health importance of dermatophytes with special regard to the distribution of the zoophilic species among the examined human cases.
Patient specimens (dermatophytosis-like lesions) were mycologically examined using direct microscopic and cultural examinations.
The overall dermatophyte infection rates among the examined patients (260) were 81.5% and 61.9% by direct microscopic and cultural examinations, respectively. A total of 161 dermatophyte isolates were obtained from culturally positive human specimens. The most common isolated species were Trichophyton violaceum (60, 37.3%) and Microsporum canis (46, 28.6%), followed by Trichophyton rubrum (20, 12.4%), Trichophyton tonsurans (16, 9.9%) and Trichophyton mentagrophytes (11, 6.8%). The less frequently isolated species were Trichophyton verrucosum (3, 1.9%), Epidermophyton floccosum (3, 1.9%), Microsporum gypseum (1, 0.6%) and Microsporum audouinii (1, 0.6%). The current study further revealed that out of 161 culturally positive patients, 61 (37.9%) had contact with pet animals, 6 (3.7%) had contact with farm animals, 7 (4.3%) had a history of rodent presence in or around their home and 87 (54%) had no contact with animals.
Although the anthropophilic species dominated the aetiology of human dermatophytosis in present study, the zoophilic species represented nearly one third of the totally obtained isolates, with the most important organisms being M. canis, T.mentagrophytes var. mentagrophytes and T. verrucosum. These findings indicate the necessity of human beings taking appropriate control measures when they are in contact with animals.
[已修正]皮肤癣菌在发达国家和发展中国家均很常见，其涉及的菌种及所致临床病症存在地域差异。
确定皮肤癣菌对公共卫生的重要性，特别关注亲动物性菌种在受检人类病例中的分布情况。
对患者标本（类似皮肤癣菌病的损害）进行真菌学检查，采用直接显微镜检查和培养检查。
在受检的260例患者中，直接显微镜检查和培养检查的皮肤癣菌总体感染率分别为81.5%和61.9%。从培养阳性的人类标本中总共获得了161株皮肤癣菌分离株。最常分离出的菌种是紫色毛癣菌（60株，37.3%）和犬小孢子菌（46株，28.6%），其次是红色毛癣菌（20株，12.4%）、断发毛癣菌（16株，9.9%）和须癣毛癣菌（11株，6.8%）。较少分离出的菌种是疣状毛癣菌（3株，1.9%）、絮状表皮癣菌（3株，1.9%）、石膏样小孢子菌（1株，0.6%）和奥杜盎小孢子菌（1株，0.6%）。当前研究进一步显示，在161例培养阳性的患者中，61例（37.9%）与宠物有接触，6例（3.7%）与农场动物有接触，7例（4.3%）家中或家周围有啮齿动物出没史，87例（54%）与动物无接触。
尽管在本研究中亲人性菌种在人类皮肤癣菌病病因中占主导，但亲动物性菌种占所获分离株总数近三分之一，其中最重要的病原体是犬小孢子菌、须癣毛癣菌变种须癣毛癣菌和疣状毛癣菌。这些发现表明人类在与动物接触时采取适当控制措施的必要性。
