州医用大麻法律对青少年大麻使用的影响。
Effects of state medical marijuana laws on adolescent marijuana use.
机构信息
Department of Health Outcomes and Policy and the Institute for Child Health Policy, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2013 Aug;103(8):1500-6. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.301117. Epub 2013 Jun 13.
OBJECTIVES
Medical marijuana laws (MMLs) have been suggested as a possible cause of increases in marijuana use among adolescents in the United States. We evaluated the effects of MMLs on adolescent marijuana use from 2003 through 2011.
METHODS
We used data from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey and a difference-in-differences design to evaluate the effects of passage of state MMLs on adolescent marijuana use. The states examined (Montana, Rhode Island, Michigan, and Delaware) had passed MMLs at different times over a period of 8 years, ensuring that contemporaneous history was not a design confound.
RESULTS
In 40 planned comparisons of adolescents exposed and not exposed to MMLs across states and over time, only 2 significant effects were found, an outcome expected according to chance alone. Further examination of the (nonsignificant) estimates revealed no discernible pattern suggesting an effect on either self-reported prevalence or frequency of marijuana use.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that, in the states assessed here, MMLs have not measurably affected adolescent marijuana use in the first few years after their enactment. Longer-term results, after MMLs are more fully implemented, might be different.
目的
有研究提出，医用大麻法规（MML）可能是美国青少年大麻使用增加的一个原因。我们评估了 2003 年至 2011 年期间 MML 对青少年大麻使用的影响。
方法
我们使用了青少年风险行为调查的数据，并采用差异中的差异设计来评估州 MML 对青少年大麻使用的影响。所研究的州（蒙大拿州、罗得岛州、密歇根州和特拉华州）在 8 年的时间内先后通过了 MML，这确保了同期历史不是设计上的混杂因素。
结果
在 40 次针对各州和各时间段内接触和未接触 MML 的青少年进行的计划比较中，仅发现了 2 项有显著影响的结果，这仅根据机会得出的预期结果。进一步研究（无统计学意义）的估计结果表明，这些结果没有显示出对大麻使用的自我报告流行率或频率有任何明显的影响模式。
结论
我们的结果表明，在评估的这些州，MML 在其颁布后的最初几年并没有对青少年大麻使用产生可衡量的影响。在 MML 更全面实施后的长期结果可能会有所不同。
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