Desai Niyati T, Sarkar Rajiv, Kang Gagandeep
Department of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
Trop Parasitol. 2012 Jul;2(2):91-8. doi: 10.4103/2229-5070.105173.
Cryptosporidium spp. is under recognized as an important pathogen causing diarrhea in children and HIV-infected individuals with associated high morbidity and mortality. In endemic areas, most symptomatic infections are in childhood and in immunocompromised adults. The immune status of the host plays a critical role in determining the severity of cryptosporidiosis. Infection is self-limited in immunocompetent hosts, but can be severe and persistent in the immunocompromised such as AIDS patients or malnourished children. Cryptosporidiosis in developing countries is a major cause of acute and persistent diarrhea in children and is associated with subsequent impairment in growth, physical fitness, and cognitive function. Despite recognition of the importance of immune status, the correlates of protective immunity in cryptosporidiosis in humans are poorly understood, and treatment modalities are limited.
隐孢子虫属被认为是导致儿童和艾滋病毒感染者腹泻的重要病原体，其发病率和死亡率较高，但目前未得到充分认识。在流行地区，大多数有症状的感染发生在儿童期和免疫功能低下的成年人中。宿主的免疫状态在决定隐孢子虫病的严重程度方面起着关键作用。在免疫功能正常的宿主中，感染是自限性的，但在免疫功能低下的人群中，如艾滋病患者或营养不良的儿童，感染可能很严重且持续存在。发展中国家的隐孢子虫病是儿童急性和持续性腹泻的主要原因，并与随后的生长、身体素质和认知功能受损有关。尽管认识到免疫状态的重要性，但对人类隐孢子虫病中保护性免疫的相关因素了解甚少，治疗方法也有限。
